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WINDOWS & DOORS
BEST PRACTICES GUIDE: WINDOWS & DOORS
  Window Materials & Construction
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  Window Types, Guide
  WINDOW TYPES - Photo Guide
  Window & Door Sources

WINTERIZE A BUILDING
WOOD Burning Heaters Fireplaces Stoves

More Information

(C) J Wiley, S Bliss Properties of Aluminum & Fiberglass Windows & Skylights
InspectAPedia®  -      

  • Guide to types of aluminum or fiberglass windows and doors
  • Aluminum or fiberglass window materials & construction
  • Solid vinyl, fiberglass, aluminum composite window & door properties
  • Aluminum or fiberglass window certifications
  • Aluminum or fiberglass window Standards
  • Aluminum or fiberglass window efficiency features & energy ratings
  • Aluminum or fiberglass window & door manufacturers list: where to buy windows & doors, flashings, skylights
  • Questions & answers about fiberglass windows & skylights or about aluminum windows & skylights

In this article series we describe the selection and installation of aluminum or fiberglass windows and doors, and we describe standards and efficiency ratings for modern windows.

InspectAPedia tolerates no conflicts of interest. We have no relationship with advertisers nor with topics or services discussed at this website.

© Copyright 2012 InspectAPedia.com, Daniel Friedman, Steve Bliss, Wiley & Sons, All Rights Reserved. Information Accuracy & Bias Pledge is at below-left. Use page top links to major topics or use links at the left of each page to navigate within topics and documents at this website. Green links show where you are in a document series or at this website.

Guide to Properties of Fiberglass Windows

In this article series we discuss the selection and installation of windows and doors, following best construction and design practices for building lighting and ventilation, with attention to the impact on building heating and cooling costs, indoor air quality, and comfort of occupants. We review the proper installation details for windows and doors, and we compare the durability of different window and door materials and types. This article includes excerpts or adaptations from Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, by Steven Bliss, courtesy of Wiley & Sons.

See WINDOWS & DOORS our home page for window and door information, and also see WINDOW TYPES - Photo Guide for a photographic guide to window and door types and architectural styles. Our links at page left provide in-depth articles on window and door selection, inspection, installation, problem diagnosis, and repair.

Introduced in the early 1990s, a few manufacturers now offer windows built entirely of a tough composite called pultruded fiberglass.

Unlike the layers of fiberglass cloth and resin used in boat and car construction, fiberglass window components are made from continuous glass fibers saturated with a thermoset resin and pulled through a heated die in a process called pultrusion. The result is a thin, strong composite that can be formed into detailed shapes and is used in a variety of high-tech applications.

Pultruded fiberglass is noted for its high strength, durability, and corrosion resistance. It is unaffected by temperatures up to 350°F and has an extremely low rate of thermal expansion—about the same as window glass.

(C) J Wiley, S Bliss

Because the frame and glass move at the same rate, temperature changes place less stress on the window frame and glass edge seals. Manufactures claim that pultruded fiberglass will not crack, peel, or warp and is impervious to moisture, insects, salt-air, and UV exposure (Figure 3-6 at left).

Depending on the manufacturer, fiberglass frame components are either hollow or filled with foam or fiberglass insulation. The insulated frames are the most energy efficient on the market.

Most fiberglass frames are shipped with a high-performance baked-on factory finish, and they can be repainted on-site if desired. Installation is the same as for vinyl and other flange-style windows but without concerns related to sagging or thermal movement.

Manufacturers currently offering fiberglass windows include Milgard Windows and several Canadian manufacturers, including Fibertec and Thermotech Windows.

Guide to Properties of Aluminum Windows

As noted in Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction Chapter 3, BEST PRACTICES GUIDE: WINDOWS & DOORS:

While aluminum is strong, light, and durable, with an anodized or baked-on finish, it has been steadily losing market share since the early 1990s due to its poor energy performance. Fewer than 15% of windows sold today are aluminum, and these are mainly in lower-end housing in cooling-dominated climates.

The poor insulating qualities of aluminum have less of an impact on cooling than they do on heating since the indoor and outdoor temperature difference is generally much smaller in cooling climates. Adding a thermal break can improve the energy performance of an aluminum window, but it still lags considerably behind wood and vinyl components.

Window and Door Resources: where to buy window and door products

As noted in Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction Chapter 3, BEST PRACTICES GUIDE: WINDOWS & DOORS:

Manufacturers of Windows & Doors

Windows and Patio Doors

Andersen Windows and Doors www.andersenwindows.com Vinyl-clad windows and patio doors, including storm resistant models

Atrium Companies Inc. www.atriumcompanies.com Vinyl and aluminum windows and patio doors

Certainteed Corp. www.certainteed.com Vinyl windows and patio doors

Crestline Windows and Doors www.crestlinewindows.com Wood, vinyl, and aluminum-clad windows and patio doors

Eagle Windows and Doors www.eaglewindow.com Extruded-aluminum-clad windows and sliders with LVL frames and steel entry doors

Fibertec Windows and Door Manufacturing www.fibertec.com Pultruded fiberglass windows and doors

Hurd Windows and Doors www.hurd.com Wood, vinyl, and aluminum clad windows and patio doors

Jeld-Wen Windows and Doors www.jeld-wen.com Wood, vinyl, aluminum-clad, and aluminum windows and patio doors

Kolbe Windows and Doors www.kolbe-kolbe.com Wood, vinyl, and aluminum-clad windows and patio doors

Marvin Window and Doors www.marvin.com Wood and extruded-aluminum-clad windows and patio doors, including true divided lites and storm-resistant models

Milgard Windows and Doors www.milgard.com Wood, aluminum, vinyl, and fiberglass-clad windows and patio doors

MW Windows www.mwwindows.com Wood, vinyl, and vinyl-clad windows and patio doors

Peachtree Doors and Windows www.peach99.com Vinyl-clad and aluminum-clad windows with optional hardwood interior; aluminum-clad, steel, and fiberglass patio doors with optional hardwood interior

Pella Windows and Doors www.pella.com Wood and aluminum-clad windows and patio doors with optional between-the-glass shades and blinds, including storm-resistant models

Thermotech Windows Ltd. www.thermotechwindows.com Complete line of fiberglass pultruded windows

Weather Shield Windows and Doors www.weathershield.com Wood, vinyl, vinyl-clad, and aluminum-clad windows and patio doors, including historic replacement windows and storm-resistant models

WindsorWindows and Doors www.windsorwindows.com Wood and vinyl windows and patio doors, including a line of wood windows with a cellular-PVC exterior

Skylight Manufacturers & Product Sources

Andersen Windows and Doors www.andersenwindows.com Skylights and roof windows with exterior sash clad with glass-fiber-reinforced material

Milgard Windows and Doors www.milgard.com Skylights with aluminum frames (thermal break optional) with vinyl subframes on operable models; optional motorized controls with rain sensor

Pella Windows and Doors www.pella.com Wood interior, aluminum exterior, optional motorized controls, and manual or motorized fabric-pleated shades

Roto Frank of America www.roofwindows.com Wood interior, aluminum exterior, optional motorized controls, and manual or motorized fabric-pleated shades; Sweet16 model fits 16 in. o.c. framing

Velux America Inc. www.velux.com Skylights and roof windows with wood interior and aluminum-clad exterior. Options include insect screens, blinds, motorized controls and shades with rain sensor, electrochromatic glass, and flashing kits for metal and tile roofs and mulled units

Skylight Light Tube Manufacturers & Sources

SolaTube www.solatube.com Light tubes from 10 to 21 in. in diameter; options include electrical lighting, daylight dimmer, and integral bath fan

Sun-Tek Skylights www.sun-tek.com Light tubes from 10 to 21 in. in diameter; options include electrical lighting and multitube Spyder skylight

Velux America Inc. www.velux.com Sun Tunnel light tubes from 14 to 22 in. in diameter with flexible or rigid tubes

Industry Associations for Windows & Doors

American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA) www.aamanet.org

Efficient Windows Collaborative www.efficientwindows.org

National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC) www.nfrc.org Sustainable by Design www.susdesign.com

Shareware calculators for sun angles, solar heat gain, and shading

Window and Door Manufacturers Association (WDMA) www.wdma.com

-- Adapted and paraphrased, edited, and supplemented, with permission from Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction.

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Technical Reviewers & References

  • InspectAPedia.com® - Daniel Friedman - Publisher & Editor.
  • Steven Bliss served as editorial director and co-publisher of The Journal of Light Construction for 16 years and previously as building technology editor for Progressive Builder and Solar Age magazines. He worked in the building trades as a carpenter and design/build contractor for more than ten years and holds a masters degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Excerpts from his recent book, Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, Wiley (November 18, 2005) ISBN-10: 0471648361, ISBN-13: 978-0471648369, appear throughout this website, with permission and courtesy of Wiley & Sons. Best Practices Guide is available from the publisher, J. Wiley & Sons, and also at Amazon.com.
  • InspectAPedia Bookstore lists recommended books, organized by topic & available for purchase. Most of our articles also include a list of recommended books for the specific article topic as well as other references, and information sources.
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  • Additional technical contributors & reference sources for this article are listed below.

Use links just below or at the left of each page to navigate this document or to view other topics at this website. Green links show where you are in our document or website.

BEST PRACTICES GUIDE to Residential Construction

EXTERIORS of buildings
WINDOWS & DOORS
BEST PRACTICES GUIDE: WINDOWS & DOORS
  Window Materials & Construction
  Windows, Fiberglass, Guide
  Windows, Aluminum, Guide
  Window Certification
  FIBERGLASS WINDOWS
  GLASS vs HEAT MIRROR SOLAR GAIN/Loss
  HURRICANE, WIND, & STORM-Resistant WINDOWS
  LOW-E WINDOW GLAZING
  LOW-E VS QUAD-GLAZING
  LOW-E RETROFIT ADD-ON FILMS
  WINDOW EFFICIENCY Features & Ratings
  WINDOW FLASHING & SEALING Guide
  WINDOW GLAZING Based on Climate
  WINDOW HARDWARE PHOTOS
  Window Installation, Flange-Type
  Window Installation, w/ Integral Brickmold
  SKYLIGHTS, Guide to Choosing & Installing
  Skylight Condensation Problems
  Skylight Design Issues
  Skylight Energy Efficiency
  Skylight Installation Procedures
  DOORS, EXTERIOR, Selecting & Installing
  DOORS, INTERIOR
  Doors, Exterior, Frames
  Doors, Exterior, Energy Efficiency Guide
  Doors, Exterior Flashing Details
  Window & Door Sources
  POLYCARBONATE GLAZING
  SITE BUILT DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOWS
  SKYLIGHT LEAK DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR
  SKYLIGHT VENTILATION DETAILS
  SLIDING GLIDING WINDOW DEFECTS
  SLOPED GLAZING DETAILS
  SOLAR SHADES & SUNSCREENS
  STORM WINDOW INTERIOR
  STORM WINDOW PLASTIC CHOICES
  STORM WINDOW WEEP HOLES
  SUNGAIN, FILMS, LOW-E GLASS
  SUNSPACE GLAZING for SUNTANNING
  VERTICAL GLAZING DETAILS
  VINYL WINDOWS
  VINYL / PVC WINDOW WARPING
  WINDOW / DOOR ENERGY EFFICIENT, DOE
  WINDOW / DOOR AIR LEAK SEALING HOW TO
  Window Certification
  WINDOW EFFICIENCY Features & Ratings
  WINDOW FLASHING & SEALING Guide
  WINDOW GLAZING Based on Climate
  WINDOW HARDWARE PHOTOS
  WINDOW LEAKS INTO BASEMENT
  WINDOW TYPES - Photo Guide

  • Basic Housing Inspection, US DHEW, S 352.75 U48, p.144, out of print, but is available in most state libraries; New York State version, ca 1955, source of our window parts and window repair sketches.
  • Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, by Steven Bliss. John Wiley & Sons, 2006. ISBN-10: 0471648361, ISBN-13: 978-0471648369, Hardcover: 320 pages, available from Amazon.com and also Wiley.com. See our book review of this publication.
  • Carson, Dunlop & Associates Ltd., 120 Carlton Street Suite 407, Toronto ON M5A 4K2. (416) 964-9415 1-800-268-7070 info@carsondunlop.com. Thanks to Alan Carson and Bob Dunlop, for permission to use illustrations from their publication, The Illustrated Home which illustrates construction details and building components. Carson Dunlop provides home inspection education including the ASHI-adopted Home Inspection Training Program (home study course), publications such as the Home Reference Book, report writing materials including the Horizon report writer, and home inspect ion services. Alan Carson is a past president of ASHI, the American Society of Home Inspectors.

Books & Articles on Building & Environmental Inspection, Testing, Diagnosis, & Repair

  • Our recommended books about building & mechanical systems design, inspection, problem diagnosis, and repair, and about indoor environment and IAQ testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the InspectAPedia Bookstore. Also see our Book Reviews - InspectAPedia.
  • Decks and Porches, the JLC Guide to, Best Practices for Outdoor Spaces, Steve Bliss (Editor), The Journal of Light Construction, Williston VT, 2010 ISBN 10: 1-928580-42-4, ISBN 13: 978-1-928580-42-3, available from Amazon.com
  • The Journal of Light Construction has generously given reprint permission to InspectAPedia.com for adaptations, quotations, or reproductions used at this website. All rights and contents of the JLC material are ©Journal of Light Construction and may not be reproduced in any form.
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