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BUILDING INTERIORS

ACOUSTICAL SEALANT CHOICES
AGE of a BUILDING - how to determine
AIR POLLUTANTS, COMMON INDOOR
AIR SEALING STRATEGIES
ANIMAL ALLERGENS
ANTI SCALD VALVES
APPLIANCE EFFICIENCY RATINGS
ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING COMPONENT ID
ASBESTOS IDENTIFICATION IN buildings
ATTIC LEAKS, CONDENSATION & MOLD
ATTIC VENTILATION

BASEMENT CEILING VAPOR BARRIER
BASEMENT HEAT LOSS
BASEMENT WATERPROOFING
BATH & KITCHEN DESIGN GUIDE
  Bath & Kitchen Associations, Product Sources
  BATHROOM DESIGN
  Bathroom Design, Accessible
  Bathroom Ventilation
  CABINETS & COUNTERTOP DEFECTS
  CABINET CHOICES, Bath / Kitchen
  CEMENT BACKERBOARD Installation
  COUNTERTOPS, KITCHEN
  FAUCETS, Kitchen & Bathroom
  FLOOR DESIGN, Kitchen & Bathroom
  FLOOR ENGINEERED WOOD & LAMINATES
  FLOOR FRAMING & SUBFLOOR for TILE
  Floor, Stone, Granite, Marble, Agglomer
  Floor Tile, Ceramic for K & B
  Floor Tile Sealers, Ceramic/Stone
  Floor Tile Over Concrete Slabs
  Floor Tile Setting Compounds
  GROUT Installation, Tile
  KITCHEN CABINET DESIGN Guide
  KITCHEN DESIGN Principles
  Kitchen Design, Accessible
  KITCHEN LAYOUTS, Typical
  Kitchen Ventilation
  PLUMBING FIXTURES
  SCALD PROTECTION
  SHOWER PANS
  SPAS, Whirlpools, Soaking & Jetted Tubs
  Spa, Whirlpool, Soaking & Jetted Tub Installation
  TILE INSTALLATION DETAILS
  TOILET TYPES, Design Choices
  Toilet Installation Procedures
  TUBS & Tub/Shower Units
BATHROOM VENTILATION
BEST CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES GUIDE
Best Interior Finish Practices
BLOWER DOORS & AIR INFILTRATION
BLOWN-IN INSULATION
BOOKSTORE - INTERIORS
BRICK LINED WALLS
BRICK VENEER WALL INSULATION
BRICK VENEER WALL Loose, Bulged
BRICK WALL DRAINAGE WEEP HOLES
BUCKLED FOUNDATIONS due to INSULATION?
BUILDING SAFETY HAZARDS GUIDE
BUILDING NOISE DIAGNOSIS & CURE

CABINETS & COUNTERTOPS
CARPETING & INDOOR AIR QUALITY
CARPETING, SELECTION & INSTALLATION
CASEWORK, CABINETS, SHELVING INSTALLATION
CATHEDRAL CEILING INSULATION
CATHEDRAL CEILING VENTILATION
CEILING FINISHES INTERIOR
CEILINGS, DROP or SUSPENDED PANEL
CEILINGS, PLASTER TYPES
CERAMIC TILE FLOOR, WALL
CERAMIC TILE, ASBESTOS in?
CHIMNEY INSPECTION DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR
CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS
CLOGGED DRAIN DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR
COMBUSTION AIR for TIGHT buildings
CONDENSATION or SWEATING PIPES, TANKS
COOLING LOAD REDUCTION by ROOF VENTS
CRAWL SPACES

DEW POINT CALCULATION for WALLS
DOORS, INTERIOR
DRYWALL HAZARDS, CHINESE
DRYWALL INSTALLATION Best Practices
DRYWALL MOLD
DRYWALL MOLD RESISTANT

EARTHQUAKE DAMAGED FOUNDATIONS
EFFLORESCENCE, Salts & White / Brown Deposits
ELDERLY & VETERANS HOME SAFETY
ELECTRICAL INSPECTION, DIAGNOSIS, REPAIR
ENERGY SAVINGS in buildings
ENGINEERED WOOD Flooring
ENGINEERED WOOD Products
EXTERIOR WALL SIDING TRIM & FINISHES

FIBERGLASS INSULATION
FIBERGLASS HAZARDS
FLAT ROOF MOISTURE & CONDENSATION
FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT, SAFETY & CLEANUP
FLOOR TYPES & DEFECTS
FORMALDEHYDE HAZARDS
FOOTING & FOUNDATION DRAINS
FOUNDATION CRACKS & DAMAGE GUIDE
FOUNDATION WATERPROOFING
FRENCH DRAINS
FRAMING DETAILS for BETTER INSULATION
FREEZE-PROOF A BUILDING
FROST HEAVES, FOUNDATION, SLAB
FUNGICIDAL SPRAY & SEALANT USE GUIDE

GAS EXPOSURE LIMITS & STANDARDS

HEAT LOSS in buildings
HEATING COST SAVINGS METHODS
HOT ROOF DESIGNS: Un-Vented Roof Solutions
HOT WATER HEATERS
HOUSEWRAP AIR & VAPOR BARRIERS
HOUSE DOCTOR, how-to be
HUMIDITY LEVEL TARGET

ICE DAM PREVENTION
INDOOR AIR QUALITY & HOUSE TIGHTNESS
INDOOR AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT GUIDE
INSULATION INSPECTION & IMPROVEMENT

KIT HOMES, Aladdin, Sears, Wards, Others
KITCHEN & BATH DESIGN GUIDE

LIGHTING, EXTERIOR GUIDE
LIGHTING, INTERIOR GUIDE
LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEMS
LOW VOLTAGE BUILDING WIRING
LOG HOME GUIDE

METAL LATH, PLASTER & STUCCO
MIXING / ANTI-SCALD VALVES
MOBILE HOME INSPECTIONS
MOISTURE CONTROL in BUILDINGS
MOLD INFORMATION CENTER

NOISE / SOUND DIAGNOSIS & CURE
NOISE CONTROL for FLOORS
NOISE CONTROL for PLUMBING
NOISE, PLUMBING DRAIN DIAGNOSIS
NOISE, PLUMBING DRAIN REPAIR
NOISE, WATER HEATER
NOISES, WATER PUMP

ODORS GASES SMELLS, DIAGNOSIS & CURE
ODORS IN WATER
ODORS, SEPTIC or SEWER
ODORS, SULPHUR SMELL SOURCES
ODORS, URINE REMOVAL
OIL FIRED WATER HEATERS
OUTHOUSES & LATRINES

PAINT FALURE, DIAGNOSIS, CURE, PREVENTION
PIPING IN buildings, Clogs Leaks Types
PLASTER & BEAVERBOARD & DRYWALL
PLASTER BULGES & PILLOWS
PLASTER LATH, METAL
PLASTER TYPE IDENTIFICATION
PLASTER VENEER Best Practices
PLUMBING FIXTURES, KITCHEN, BATH
Plumbing Materials & Fixtures, Age, Types
PLASTIC HEATER VENT
PLASTIC PIPING
PUMPS & WELLS

RADIANT BARRIERS
RADIANT HEAT
RANGE BOILERS
RELIEF VALVES - TP Valves on Boilers
RELIEF VALVES - STEAM TP VALVES
RELIEF VALVES - Water Heaters
RELIEF VALVES - Water Tanks
ROOF VENTILATION SPECIFICATIONS
ROT, FUNGUS, TERMITES

SAFETY HAZARDS & INSPECTIONS
SAFETY: Elderly & Veterans Home Safety
SEARS KIT HOUSES
SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECT DIAGNOSE REPAIR
SEPTIC METHANE GAS
SEPTIC ODORS
SEPTIC PUMPS
SEPTIC SYSTEM ODORS
SEPTIC & CESSPOOL SAFETY
SEWAGE BACKUP, WHAT TO DO
SEWAGE BACKUP PREVENTION
SEWAGE CONTAMINATION in buildings
SEWAGE EJECTOR / GRINDER PUMPS
SEWAGE PUMPS
SEWER GAS ODORS
SEWER LINE REPLACEMENT
SULPHUR & SEWER GAS SMELL SOURCES
SLAB CRACK EVALUATION
SOUND CONTROL in buildings
STAIN DIAGNOSIS on BUILDING EXTERIORS
STAIN DIAGNOSIS on BUILDING INTERIORS
STAINS & FINISHES, INTERIOR
STAIRS, RAILINGS, LANDINGS, RAMPS
STUCCO WALL METHODS & INSTALLATION
SUMP PUMPS GUIDE
SWEATING (CONDENSATION) on PIPES, TANKS

THERMAL MASS in buildings
THERMAL TRACKING Indicates Heat Loss
TOILETS, INSPECT, INSTALL, REPAIR
TOILET ALTERNATIVES
TOILET FLUSHOMETER VALVES
TOILET INSTALLATION PROCEDURE
TOILET OVERFLOW EMERGENCY
TOILET PLUGS, SEWER BACKUP
TOILET REPAIR GUIDE
TOILET TISSUE CHOICES
TOILET TISSUE TEST
TOILET TYPES
Toilet Types, Flush Methods
TOILETS, DON'T FLUSH LIST
TRAPS on PLUMBING FIXTURES
TRIM, EXTERIOR CHOICES, INSTALLATION
TRIM, INTERIOR
TRIM, INTERIOR INSTALLATION

VAPOR BARRIERS & CONDENSATION in BUILDINGS
VENTILATION in buildings
VINYL Siding or PLASTIC Window ODORS in buildings
VINYL CHLORIDE HEALTH INFO

WALL SIDING TRIM & FINISHES
WALL FINISHES INTERIOR
WATER BARRIERS, EXTERIOR BUILDING
WATER ENTRY in buildings
WATER HEATERS
WATER PRESSURE & FLOW MEASUREMENT
WATER PRESSURE GAUGE ACCURACY
WATER PRESSURE LOSS DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR
WATER PRESSURE PROBLEM DIAGNOSIS TABLE
WATER PRESSURE REPAIRS & COSTS
WATER PUMPS, TANKS, TESTS, WELLS, REPAIRS
WATER PUMPS, TANKS, WELLS - BASICS
WATER PUMP TYPES & LIFE EXPECTANCY
WATER PURIFIERS
WATER QUALITY TESTS, CONTAMINANTS, TREATMENT
WATER QUANTITY IMPROVEMENT
WATER QUANTITY USAGE GUIDE
WATER SOFTENERS & CONDITIONERS
WATER SUPPLY & DRAIN PIPING
WATER TANK TYPES: WATER, OIL, EXPANSION, ALL
WATER TANK AIR, HOW TO ADD
WATER TANK REPAIRS
WATER TESTS, CONTAMINANTS, TREATMENT
WATER ODORS, CAUSE CURE
WATER PUMPS & WELLS
WATER SOFTENERS & CONDITIONERS
WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT CHOICES
WELLS CISTERNS & SPRINGS
WINTERIZE A BUILDING
WOOD Burning Heaters Fireplaces Stoves

More Information

Figure 6-13: Clear Floor Space required in kitchens (C) J Wiley, S Bliss Guide to Using Ceramic & Stone Tile Floor Sealers
InspectAPedia®  -      

  • Guide to using sealers on ceramic, marble, or similar stone tile floors
  • Strength and Water Absorption of Ceramic Tiles
  • Guide to Using Kitchen or Bath Tile Sealers
  • Guide to Using Tile Grout Sealers
  • Questions & answers about how to use grout sealer on ceramic tile floors & walls

This article discusses the use of sealers on ceramic and stone tiles used in kitchens and bathrooms. We describe the strength but also the water absorption properties of ceramic tiles as well as the risks of water penetration into a floor, subfloor and even building structure at tile grout joints. We include a table of the water resistant properties of each type of ceramic tile.

InspectAPedia tolerates no conflicts of interest. We have no relationship with advertisers nor with topics or services discussed at this website.

© Copyright 2012 InspectAPedia.com, All Rights Reserved. Information Accuracy & Bias Pledge is at below-left. Use page top links to major topics or use links at the left of each page to navigate within topics and documents at this website. Green links show where you are in a document series or at this website.

Ceramic & Stone Tile Sealer Advice for Bathrooms & Kitchens

Mexican quarry tile installation outside, San Miguel de Allende (C) D FriedmanOur page top photo shows a ceramic tile bathroom floor installed in the Lotus Club, New York City. At left we illustrate a Mexican clay tile installation in process in San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, Mexico. There was much debate about whether or not we should use a sealer on this tile exposed to the weather.

This article series discusses current best design practices for kitchens and bathrooms, including layout, clearances, work space, and accessible kitchen and bathroom layout, clearances, turning space, grab bars, controls, etc. We include advice on choosing and installing kitchen countertops, cabinets, and kitchen or bathroom flooring, sinks, and other plumbing fixtures and fixture controls such as faucets. A list of kitchen and bath product manufactures and sources is included. This article includes excerpts or adaptations from Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, by Steven Bliss, courtesy of Wiley & Sons.

As detailed in Chapter 6 of Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction:

Strength and Water Absorption of Ceramic Tiles

The body of a ceramic tile, also called the bisque, is made by heating a mixture of clay and other additives in a kiln. In general, the longer the clay is fired and the higher the temperature, the denser and stronger the tile will be and the more impervious to water absorption.

Nonporous tiles that absorb little water will perform better in wet applications than porous tiles. The tile bisques manufactured according to ANSI standards are rated from nonvitreous to impervious (see Table 6-4).

[Click any image or table to see an enlarged version with additional detail, commentary & source citation.]

Table 6-4: Tile Bisque Characteristics (C) J Wiley S Bliss

Guide to Using Kitchen or Bath Tile Sealers

A wide variety of proprietary sealers are available to protect natural stone against staining from grout, dirt, foods, and household products. In addition, some sealers help conceal minor scratches and increase slip resistance.

Some products require regular reapplication and may cause a surface buildup unless stripped. Penetrating oil-type sealers may change the color of some types of stone and can even trap dirt in the finish.

For best results, follow recommendations of the stone supplier and use products with an established track record.

Guide to Using Tile Grout Sealers

While latex or acrylic additives help protect the grout from staining, sealing the grout after it cures provides the best protection. There are a wide variety of products on the market.

Consult the directions regarding when and how often to apply. Many require reapplication annually or more often, depending on the specific use.

Regardless, to keep grout from darkening and staining, it will need regular cleaning with a grout cleaner or mild detergent.

Avoid oil-based soaps as they tend to darken grout.

Kitchen and Bath Product Manufacturers, Sources, Associations

Ceramic Tile-Setting Material Manufacturer List

Bonsal American www.bonsal.com Setting compounds, grouts, preformed shower pans, curbs, and niches. Also, distributor of backerboards, isolation membranes, and other tile-setting products

Color Caulk, div. of Roanoke Companies Group www.colorcaulk.com Color-matched caulking

Custom Building Products www.custombuildingproducts.com Elastomeric and liquid-applied membranes, self-leveling underlayments, setting compounds, and grouts

Laticrete International www.laticrete.com Trowel-on membranes, self-leveling underlayments, setting compounds, grouts, and sealants

Noble Company www.noblecompany.com CPE sheet membranes, trowel-on membranes, clamping ring drains, and preformed slopes, niches, and curbs

Mapei www.mapei.com Trowel-on and sheet membranes, self-leveling underlayments, setting compounds, grouts, and color-matched sanded caulks

Ceramic Tile Backerboard Producers

Custom Building Products www.custombuildingproducts.com Wonderboard cement backerboard, Easyboard cement and polystyrene lightweight backerboard, and Rhinoboard fiber-cement backerboard

Georgia-Pacific Gypsum www.gp.com/build Denshield gypboard backer with glass-matt facing

James Hardie Building Products www.jameshardie.com Fiber-cement backerboard

National Gypsum www.nationalgypsum.com Permabase lightweight cement and polystyrene backerboard

Schluter Systems www.schluter.com Kerdi tile membrane goes directly over drywall or other substrates

T. Clear Corp./Fin Pan Inc. www.finpan.com Util-A-Crete lightweight concrete backerboard

U.S. Gypsum www.usg.com Durock cement backerboard

W. R. Bonsal www.bonsal.com Extruded polystyrene backerboard with fiberglassreinforced cement facing

-- Adapted with permission from Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction.

Questions & Answers regarding this article

Questions & answers about how to use grout sealer on ceramic tile floors & walls.

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Technical Reviewers & References

  • InspectAPedia.com® - Daniel Friedman - Publisher & Editor.
  • Steven Bliss served as editorial director and co-publisher of The Journal of Light Construction for 16 years and previously as building technology editor for Progressive Builder and Solar Age magazines. He worked in the building trades as a carpenter and design/build contractor for more than ten years and holds a masters degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Excerpts from his recent book, Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, Wiley (November 18, 2005) ISBN-10: 0471648361, ISBN-13: 978-0471648369, appear throughout this website, with permission and courtesy of Wiley & Sons. Best Practices GuideĀ is available from the publisher, J. Wiley & Sons, and also at Amazon.com.
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BATH & KITCHEN DESIGN GUIDE - see detailed links at page left

  • Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, by Steven Bliss. John Wiley & Sons, 2006. ISBN-10: 0471648361, ISBN-13: 978-0471648369, Hardcover: 320 pages, available from Amazon.com and also Wiley.com. See our book review of this publication.

Books & Articles on Building & Environmental Inspection, Testing, Diagnosis, & Repair

  • Our recommended books about building & mechanical systems design, inspection, problem diagnosis, and repair, and about indoor environment and IAQ testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the InspectAPedia Bookstore. Also see our Book Reviews - InspectAPedia.
  • Home Reference Book - Carson Dunlop The Home Reference Book - the Encyclopedia of Homes, Carson Dunlop & Associates, Toronto, Ontario, 2010, $69.00 U.S., is available from Carson Dunlop, and from the InspectAPedia bookstore. The 2010 edition of the Home Reference Book is a bound volume of more than 450 illustrated pages that assist home inspectors and home owners in the inspection and detection of problems on buildings. The text is intended as a reference guide to help building owners operate and maintain their home effectively. InspectAPedia.com ® author/editor Daniel Friedman is a contributing author. Field inspection worksheets are included at the back of the volume.
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