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Energy Savings Advice for Building Owners, Builders, Designers, Retrofitters InspectAPedia®  -     How to save on building energy costs: heating, cooling, electricity usage & cost reductions Energy savings design tips for new construction Energy cost reduction tips for building retrofits & updates Guide to energy savings through building insulation & ventilation improvements How to find & correct air and heat loss leaks in buildings How to make heating and air conditioning equipment operate at lowest cost Guide to correcting unwanted building heat losses or unwanted building heat gains Energy conservation news updates - live, Solar Age Magazine Articles on Renewable Energy, Energy Savings, Construction Practices

This web page lists key how-to articles that can substantially reduce building heating and cooling costs, avoid or correct building indoor air quality, moisture, or mold problems, and increase the comfort of building occupants. Links at page left identify major energy-conservation or energy savings topics that we discuss. A list of key energy cost reducing articles is provided just below. Sketch at page top is reprinted/adapted/excerpted with permission from Solar Age Magazine - editor Steven Bliss, and discussed at ENERGY SAVINGS RETROFIT LEAK SEALING GUIDE.

© Copyright 2009 Daniel Friedman, All Rights Reserved. Information Accuracy & Bias Pledge is at below-left. Use links at the left of each page to navigate this document or to view other topics at this website. Green links show where you are in our document or website.

Key Articles on Saving on Building Heating, Cooling, Insulation, Ventilation, & Air Quality Costs

Energy Conservation News Updates - Live

US Financial crisis increases building owner focus on do it yourself home repair & saving heating & cooling costs and interest in Do-It-Yourself Building Repairs found here.

• Air Conditioning System Inspection Diagnosis Repair - save money on air conditioning
• ATTIC LEAKS, CONDENSATION & ATTIC MOLD - leaks into and out of building attics and roof cost energy and invite moisture/mold problems.
• ACOUSTICAL SEALANTS - use of sealants or tapes to seal polyethylene vapor barrier lap joints
• AIR BYPASS LEAKS - how dark stains on building walls, ceilings, and insulation can show up thermal bypass leaks and heat loss
• AIR LEAK DETECTION TOOLS - how to find and fix air and heat leaks on buildings, an expert guide to weatherization
• AIR LEAK MINIMIZATION - how to retrofit a building to tighten a leaky house
• AIR SEALING STRATEGIES - different strategies for sealing a leaky building to save energy
• BASEMENT HEAT LOSS - how to find and stop unwanted air and heat leaks from basements and crawl spaces
• BLOWER DOORS & AIR INFILTRATION - how we determine how leaky a building is or is not - measuring air changes per hour
• BUCKLED FOUNDATIONS due to INSULATION? - can we save energy by insulating the foundation without causing a foundation collapse?
• CATHEDRAL CEILING INSULATION - how we insulate and ventilate this common source of heat loss while avoiding moisture, mold, rot
• DEW POINT CALCULATION for WALLS - on calculating the point in walls at which moisture will condense
• ENERGY SAVINGS RETROFIT CASE STUDY - details of insulating and stopping air leaks in an older home, significant heat cost reduction
• ENERGY SAVINGS RETROFIT LEAK SEALING GUIDE - stopping unwanted heat losses, air leaks, or heat gains on older buildings
• ENERGY SAVINGS RETROFIT OPTIONS - ultralightweight concrete and other energy saving retrofit options
• EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS - using a swamp cooler to reduce energy costs in a building
• Setting Overall Energy Savings Priorities - what steps to take in what order to save on heating or cooling costs
• Environmental Hazard Inspection & Testing - mold, air quality, gases, odors
• FRAMING DETAILS for BETTER INSULATION - small details can substantially improve the building envelope insulation R-values
• HEAT LOSS DETECTION TOOLS - how we find where a building is losing or gaining heat
• HEAT LOSS INDICATORS- find where your building is losing heat
• HEATING COST SAVINGS METHODS - reduce home heating bills by tuning, repairing, or updating heating equipment
• Heating Cost Table - current cost per 1000 BTUs to heat a building
• HOUSEWRAP AIR & VAPOR BARRIERS - play a critical role in stopping air leaks and heat losses, even on well-insulated buildings
• INDOOR AIR QUALITY & HOUSE TIGHTNESS - how to stop air leaks without causing an indoor air quality problem
• INSULATION for GREENHOUSE or SOLARIUM - how to retrofit night time heat loss insulation and concrete floor slab insulation
• INSULATION & VENTILATION INSPECTION & IMPROVEMENT - correct building insulation, correct ventilation, save on heating & cooling costs
• MOISTURE CONTROL in BUILDINGS - how to control excess humidity in tight or other buildings, avoid mold, condensation, rot.
• ODORS, Smells, Gases in Buildings-Diagnosis & Cure - are odors a problem in energy-efficient homes? track down and cure smells
• RADIANT BARRIERS - do they work, where to put them, how much energy do they save for cooling vs. heating needs?
• RADIANT HEAT - strategy for using radiant heat in buildings
• RADIANT HEAT Floor Mistakes to Avoid - avoid these horrible mistakes that led to abandonment of a radiant heated floor slab
• RADIANT SLAB TUBING & FLUID CHOICES - types of plastic tubing for radiant heated slabs; types of heat conducting fluids
• ROOF VENTILATION SPECIFICATIONS - how to ventilate attics, cathedral ceilings, roofs, to avoid moisture, mold, and heat losses
• SEER RATINGS & OTHER DEFINITIONS - measuring the energy efficiency of air conditioning equipment
• SLAB INSULATION, PASSIVE SOLAR - how much insulation, where to put it, and where to put the vapor barrier below a heated floor slab
• SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS - passive solar, thermal mass, window glazing, building insulation and ventilation, sunspaces cut energy costs
• SOUND CONTROL in BUILDINGS - insulating for sound control can also stop convective loops that steal heat from interior walls
• THERMAL MASS in BUILDINGS - how we conserve warmth, coolness, for even building temperatures & lower heating/cooling costs
• VAPOR BARRIERS & AIR SEALING at BAND JOISTS
• VAPOR BARRIERS & CONDENSATION in BUILDINGS
• VAPOR BARRIERS & HOUSEWRAP
• VENTILATION in BUILDINGS - proper building ventilation design, stopping air bypass leaks, avoiding condensation in tight homes
• WIND TURBINES - how to protect controls and circuits from lightning damage
• WINDOWS & DOORS
    SKYLIGHT LEAK DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR
    SITE BUILT DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOWS
    SLOPED GLAZING DETAILS
    VERTICAL GLAZING DETAILS
• Winterize a Building - protect a building & its mechanical systems from freeze-damage at low temperatures & deep heat setbacks
• WOOD Burning Heaters Fireplaces Stoves - supplemental heat for solar and other alternative or renewable energy design homes
  

Qualified service providers specializing in topics discussed at this website may (at our discretion) be listed at this website at no fee.

Home Mortgage Assistance for Buying Already-Energy-Efficient Buildings

The Energy Star Program defines a variety of home mortgage options that can give home owners or home buyers assistance for energy-efficient buildings. Readers should notice that these programs are aimed at purchasers of homes that are surveyed and rated as energy efficient before the purchase - not to finance energy improvement retrofits. However, there may be federal or local programs that do provide financial assistance for building weatherization and insulation retrofits. Check with your local building department, state, town, or county financial assistance offices, and office for the elderly or aging in your community. Also check with building renovation programs intended to help people who own their home but are of very limited fiancial means, such as the Christmas in April program.

According to EnergyStar, (quoting from the Energy Star source)

An Energy Efficient Mortgage (EEM) is a mortgage that credits a home’s energy efficiency in the mortgage itself. EEMs give borrowers the opportunity to finance cost-effective, energy-saving measures as part of a single mortgage and stretch debt-to-income qualifying ratios on loans thereby allowing borrowers to qualify for a larger loan amount and a better, more energy-efficient home.

To get an EEM a borrower typically has to have a home energy rater conduct a home energy rating before financing is approved. This rating verifies for the lender that the home is energy-efficient.

EEMs are typically used to purchase a new home that is already energy efficient such as an ENERGY STAR qualified home. The term EEM is commonly used to refer to all types of energy mortgages including Energy Improvement Mortgages (EIMs), which are used to purchase existing homes that will have energy efficiency improvements made to them. EIMs allow borrowers to include the cost of energy-efficiency improvements to an existing home in the mortgage without increasing the down payment. EIMs allow the borrower to use the money saved in utility bills to finance energy improvements. Both EEMs and EIMs typically require a home energy rating to provide the lender with the estimated monthly energy savings and the value of the energy efficiency measures — known as the Energy Savings Value.

EEMs (and EIMs) are sponsored by federally insured mortgage programs (FHA and VA) and the conventional secondary mortgage market (Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac). Lenders can offer conventional EEMs, FHA EEMs, or VA EEMs.

Conventional Energy Efficient Mortgages described by Energy Star

Conventional EEMs can be offered by lenders who sell their loans to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Conventional EEMs increase the purchasing power of buying an energy efficient home by allowing the lender to increase the borrower’s income by a dollar amount equal to the estimated energy savings. The Fannie Mae loan also adjusts the value of the home to reflect the value of the energy efficiency measures. For more information about Fannie Mae's EEM you can call 1-800-7FANNIE (732-6643).

FHA Energy Efficient Mortgages described by Energy Star

FHA EEMs allow lenders to add 100 percent of the additional cost of cost-effective energy efficiency improvements to an already approved mortgage loan (as long as the additional costs do not exceed $4000 or 5 percent of the value of the home, up to a maximum of $8000, whichever is greater). No additional down payment is required, and the FHA loan limits won’t interfere with the process of obtaining the EEM. FHA EEMs are available for site-built as well as for manufactured homes. Applications for an FHA EEM may be submitted to the local HUD Field Office through an FHA-approved lending institution.

VA Energy Efficient Mortgages described by Energy Star

The Veteran’s Administration (VA) EEM is available to qualified military personnel, reservists and veterans for energy improvements when purchasing an existing home. The VA EEM caps energy improvements at $3,000–$6,000. Borrowers should ask their lender about a VA EEM at the beginning of the lending process.

To learn more about EEMs contact Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the FHA or the VA. Additional information about writing energy-efficient mortgages can be found on their Web sites.

ENERGY STAR Mortgages described by Energy Star at their Website

An ENERGY STAR mortgage pilot program is underway to demonstrate that financing can be a useful tool for enhancing the success of investing in energy-efficient homes by lowering borrowing costs, as well as demonstrating the importance of utilizing a network of qualified energy auditors and contractors to ensure that cost-effective energy efficiency improvements are realized.

By incorporating the costs of energy efficiency improvements into the loan itself, an ENERGY STAR mortgage allows borrowers to pay for those investments over the life of their loan and deduct the interest from their federal and state income taxes. One of the key benefits of an ENERGY STAR mortgage is that a borrower can finance and make energy-saving improvements to their homes without paying more for financing than they would for a typical mortgage. Participating lenders also offer borrowers an additional financial benefit above and beyond the value of the home energy savings, such as discounted mortgage rates, reduced loan fees, or assistance with closing costs.

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• Daniel Friedman - principal author/editor of the InspectAPedia^® Website
• InspectAPedia Bookstore lists recommended books, organized by topic & available for purchase. Most of our articles also list books on the specific article topic as well as other references, and information sources.
• Critique, contributions wanted: Contact Us to suggest corrections or additions to articles at this website, and if you wish, to receive online listing and credit as a contributor. Particular thanks are due to the many experts and also consumers who read and critique technical articles at InspectAPedia.com.
• Additional technical contributors & reference sources for this article are listed below.

Use links just below or at the left of each page to navigate this document or to view other topics at this website. Green links show where you are in our document or website.

ACOUSTICAL SEALANTS
AIR CONDITIONING & HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
AGE of a BUILDING - how to determine
AIR BYPASS LEAKS
AIR LEAK DETECTION TOOLS
AIR LEAK MINIMIZATION
AIR SEALING STRATEGIES
ANIMAL ALLERGENS
ASBESTOS IDENTIFICATION IN BUILDINGS
ATTIC LEAKS, CONDENSATION & ATTIC MOLD
ATTIC VENTILATION
BASEMENT HEAT LOSS
BASEMENT LEAKS Moisture or Mold
BASEMENT WATERPROOFING
BATHROOM VENTILATION
BLOWER DOORS & AIR INFILTRATION
BRICK LINED WALLS
BUCKLED FOUNDATIONS due to INSULATION?
CATHEDRAL CEILING INSULATION
CHIMNEY INSPECTION DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR
COMBUSTION AIR for TIGHT BUILDINGS
CRAWL SPACES
DEW POINT CALCULATION for WALLS
DEW POINT TABLE - CONDENSATION POINT GUIDE
DEFINITION of Heating & Cooling Terms
ELECTRIC HEAT
ENERGY AUDIT - How to Use a Free One
ENERGY SAVINGS in BUILDINGS
ENERGY SAVINGS PRIORITIES
ENERGY SAVINGS RETROFIT CASE STUDY
ENERGY SAVINGS RETROFIT LEAK SEALING GUIDE
ENERGY SAVINGS RETROFIT OPTIONS
EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS
FIBERGLASS INSULATION
FIBERGLASS HAZARDS
FIBERGLASS MOLD
FIREPLACE Damage & Unsafe Hearths - Settlement
FLAT ROOF MOISTURE & CONDENSATION
FLOOD DAMAGE ASSESSMENT, SAFETY & CLEANUP
FOUNDATION WATERPROOFING
FRAMING DETAILS for BETTER INSULATION
FRAMING DETAILS for DOUBLE WALL HOUSES
FREEZE-PROOF A BUILDING
HEAT LOSS in BUILDINGS
HEAT LOSS CALCULATIONS
HEAT LOSS DETECTION TOOLS
HEAT LOSS INDICATORS
HEAT LOSS R U & K VALUE CALCULATION
Heat Tapes: Use on Roofs for Ice
HEATING COST SAVINGS METHODS
HEATING SYSTEMS
HEATING COST FUEL & BTU Cost Table
HEATING COST SAVINGS METHODS
HEATING LOSS DIAGNOSIS-BOILERS
HEATING LOSS DIAGNOSIS-FURNACES
HEATING SYSTEM INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HOUSEWRAP AIR & VAPOR BARRIERS
HUMIDITY LEVEL TARGET
ICE DAM PREVENTION
Ice Dams: Comparing Two Houses
INDOOR AIR QUALITY & HOUSE TIGHTNESS
INDOOR AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT GUIDE
INSULATION CHOICES
INSULATION FACT SHEET- DOE
INSULATION IDENTIFICATION GUIDE
INSULATION LOCATION for BASEMENTS
INSULATION LOCATION for CAPES, CRAWLSPACES
INSULATION for GREENHOUSE or SOLARIUM
INSULATION MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION GUIDE
INSULATION MOLD
INSULATION R-Values & Properties
INSULATION & VENTILATION INSPECTION & IMPROVEMENT
LOG HOME GUIDE
MOBILE HOME INSPECTIONS
MOISTURE CONTROL in BUILDINGS
Mold Growth Resistance of Foam Insulation
MOLD INFORMATION CENTER
ODORS & SMELLS DIAGNOSIS & CURE
PAINT FALURE, DIAGNOSIS, CURE, PREVENTION
PLASTER & BEAVERBOARD & DRYWALL
RADIANT BARRIERS
RADIANT HEAT
RADIANT HEAT Floor Mistakes to Avoid
RADIANT SLAB FLOORING CHOICES
RADIANT SLAB TUBING & FLUID CHOICES
RIGID FOAM USE INDOORS
ROOF VENTILATION SPECIFICATIONS
ROT, FUNGUS, TERMITES
ROT, TIMBER FRAME
SAFETY HAZARDS & INSPECTIONS
SEARS KIT HOUSES
SHEATHING, FOIL FACED - VENTS
SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS
  PASSIVE SOLAR DESIGN METHOD
  PASSIVE SOLAR HEAT PERFORMANCE
  PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS
  SLAB INSULATION, PASSIVE SOLAR
  SOLAR COLLECTOR AIR or GAS COLLECTION
  SOLAR COLLECTOR FILMS
  SOLAR COLLECTOR WOOD HOUSINGS
  SOLAR HEATING SYSTEMS
  SOLAR HOT WATER HEATERS
  SOLAR HOUSE EVALUATION
SOUND CONTROL in BUILDINGS
STAIN DIAGNOSIS
STAIRS, RAILINGS, LANDINGS, RAMPS
STUCCO OVER FOAM INSULATION
STRUCTURAL INSPECTIONS & DEFECTS
SUMP PUMPS GUIDE
THERMAL EXPANSION of MATERIALS
THERMAL MASS in BUILDINGS
THERMAL MASS in UPSTAIRS
THERMAL TRACKING Indicates Heat Loss
THERMOSTATS
VAPOR BARRIERS & AIR SEALING at BAND JOISTS
VAPOR BARRIERS & CONDENSATION in BUILDINGS
VAPOR BARRIERS & HOUSEWRAP
VAPOR CONDENSATION & BUILDING SHEATHING
VENTILATION in BUILDINGS
WATER ENTRY in BUILDINGS
WIND TURBINES
WINDOWS & DOORS
WINTERIZE A BUILDING
WOOD Burning Heaters Fireplaces Stoves

• Solar Age Magazine was the official publication of the American Solar Energy Society. The contemporary solar energy magazine associated with the Society is Solar Today. "Established in 1954, the nonprofit American Solar Energy Society (ASES) is the nation's leading association of solar professionals & advocates. Our mission is to inspire an era of energy innovation and speed the transition to a sustainable energy economy. We advance education, research and policy. Leading for more than 50 years. ASES leads national efforts to increase the use of solar energy, energy efficiency and other sustainable technologies in the U.S. We publish the award-winning SOLAR TODAY magazine, organize and present the ASES National Solar Conference and lead the ASES National Solar Tour – the largest grassroots solar event in the world."
  
• Steven Bliss served as editorial director and co-publisher of The Journal of Light Construction for 16 years and previously as building technology editor for Progressive Builder and Solar Age magazines. He worked in the building trades as a carpenter and design/build contractor for more than ten years and holds a masters degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Excerpts from his recent book, Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, Wiley (November 18, 2005) ISBN-10: 0471648361, ISBN-13: 978-0471648369, appear throughout this website, with permission and courtesy of Wiley & Sons. Best Practices Guide is available from the publisher, J. Wiley & Sons, and also at Amazon.com.
  Excerpts with updates and annotations expanding the original Best Practices Guide text can be found in the online review and book summary at BEST CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES GUIDE and also at DECK & PORCH CONSTRUCTION, at INDOOR AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT GUIDE, and in other articles found at InspectAPedia.com such as HOUSEWRAP AIR & VAPOR BARRIERS, SOUND CONTROL in BUILDINGS, and other topics
• "Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) ASHRAE Standard", Ranish Joshi, Arctic India Sales, reviews the basics of IAQ, emphasizes the importance of both source control and removal of contaminants when improving indoor air quality, warns about bringing inside contaminants from outdoors, and reviews the pertinent ASHRAE IAQ standards for buildings.
• "ASHRAE Fresh Air Ventilation System", Jie Chen et als, describes a fresh air ventilation system designed to meet ASHRAE 62.2P Standard.
• "Updated ASHRAE 90.1 Energy Code May Help Maximize The Benefits Of Energy Efficient Technologies", Lindsay Audin, Building Operating Management, May 2005, discusses ASHRAE Standard ASHRAE 90.1-2004, the latest version of ASHRAE's energy code, encompassing updates to the ASHRAE 90.1-2001 standard. "Written to allow easy incorporation into specifications for new buildings and renovations, 90.1-2004 lays out minimum requirements for a building’s envelope, electrical power systems and equipment, lighting, heating, Ventilation and air conditioning, service, water heating, and energy management. Under the 1992 federal Energy Policy Act (EPAct), ASHRAE 90.1 was mandated as the basis for all state building codes as they affect energy use, starting with ASHRAE 90.1-1989. Under EPAct, the 1999 version became law in July 2004, but has yet to be adopted by all states. Since the 1999 version was somewhat dated by the time it became a requirement, some states, especially those having high energy
  prices, have already updated their building codes to the 2001 version. Some states and cities, such as Phoenix, are now going further by leapfrogging the 2001 edition and enacting part or all of the 2004 edition instead."
• "Energy Efficient Lab Design", Nicolas Lemire, Eng., Member ASHRAE, and Roland Charneux, Eng., Fellow ASHRAE, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). Reprinted by permission
  from ASHRAE Journal, (Vol. 47, No. 5, May 2005). ©ASHRAE
• Christmas in April program - see Rebuilding Together at their website, rebuildingtogether.org or contact Rebuilding Together National Headquarters, 1899 L Street NW, Suite 1000, Washington DC 20036 - 800-473-4229,
• Energy Star Program - see the Energy Star website at energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bldrs_lenders_raters.energy_efficient_mortgage
• Habitat for Humanity, for the U.S. and Canada: http://www.habitat.org/ also has offices in other countries including supporting Latin America.

Books & Articles on Building & Environmental Inspection, Testing, Diagnosis, & Repair

• Our recommended books about building design, inspection, and repair, and about indoor environment testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the InspectAPedia Bookstore.
• Best Practices Guide to Residential Construction, by Steven Bliss. John Wiley & Sons, 2006. ISBN-10: 0471648361, ISBN-13: 978-0471648369, Hardcover: 320 pages, available from Wiley.com and also at Amazon.com. See our book review of this publication.
• "Energy Savers: Whole-House Supply Ventilation Systems", U.S. Department of Energy energysavers.gov/your_home/insulation_airsealing/index.cfm/mytopic=11880?print
• "Energy Savers: Whole-House Exhaust Ventilation Systems", U.S. Department of Energy energysavers.gov/your_home/insulation_airsealing/index.cfm/mytopic=11870
• "Energy Savers: Ventilation", U.S. Department of Energy
• "Energy Savers: Natural Ventilation", U.S. Department of Energy
• "Energy Savers: Energy Recovery Ventilation Systems", U.S. Department of Energy energysavers.gov/your_home/insulation_airsealing/index.cfm/mytopic=11900
• "Energy Savers: Detecting Air Leaks", U.S. Department of Energy
• "Energy Savers: Air Sealing", U.S. Department of Energy
• Appliances and Home Electronics, - energy savings, U.S. Department of Energy
• Basement Moisture Control, U.S. Department of Energy
• Crawl Space Moisture Control, U.S. Department of Energy
• Energy Recover Ventilation Systems for Buildings, U.S. Department of Energy
• Energy Savings Methods: Whole House Systems Approach, U.S. Department of Energy
• Log Homes: MInimizing Air Leakage in Log Homes, U.S. Department of Energy
• Log Homes: Controlling Moisture in Log Homes, U.S. Department of Energy
• Moisture Control in Buildings, U.S. Department of Energy
• Moisture Control in Walls, U.S. Department of Energy
• Natural Ventilation for Buildings, U.S. Department of Energy
• R-Value of Wood, U.S. Department of Energy
• Spot Ventilation for houses, U.S. Department of Energy
• Slab on Grade Foundation Moisture and Air Leakage, U.S. Department of Energy
• Straw Bale Home Design, U.S. Department of Energy
• Vapor Barriers or Vapor Diffusion Retarders, U.S. Department of Energy
• Ventilation for energy efficient buildings, Purpose, Strategies, etc.,
• Whole House Ventilation Systems, U.S. Department of Energy
• Whole-House Balanced Ventilation Systems, U.S. Department of Energy
• Whole-House Exhaust Ventilation Systems, U.S. Department of Energy
• Whole-House Supply Ventilation Systems, U.S. Department of Energy
• ...

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