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AIR CONDITIONING & HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS

ASBESTOS FLOORING HAZARD REDUCTION
ASBESTOS-FREE INSULATION MATERIALS
ASBESTOS IDENTIFICATION IN buildings
ASBESTOS ROOFING / SIDING DUST

DIAGNOSE & FIX AIR CONDITIONER / HEAT PUMP
DIAGNOSE & FIX HEATING PROBLEMS-BOILER
DIAGNOSE & FIX HEATING PROBLEMS-FURNACE

DUCT SYSTEM & DUCT DEFECTS
  ASBESTOS HVAC DUCTS
  DUCT & AIR HANDLER ODORS
  DUCT DAMAGE, MECHANICAL
  DUCT INSULATION - Asbestos Paper
  DUCT ROUTING & SUPPORT
  DUST CONTAMINATION FROM HVAC?
  BALANCING AIR DUCT FLOW
  FIBERGLASS DUCT, RIGID CONSTRUCTION
  FIBERGLASS HVAC DUCTS
  FIRE DAMPERS in DUCTWORK
  FLOOD DAMAGE in DUCT WORK
  GOODMAN GRAY FLEXDUCT
  INCREASING RETURN AIR
  LEAKY DUCT CONNECTIONS
  LOCATION OF REGISTERS & DUCTS
  MOLD in AIR HANDLERS & DUCT WORK
  NOISES in DUCT SYSTEM
  ODORS in AIR HANDLERS & DUCT WORK
  OWENS CORNING FLEXDUCT
  OWL FLEXDUCT
  RETURN AIR REGISTERS & DUCTS
  SOUNDPROOFING for DUCTWORK
  SUPPLY DUCTS & REGISTERS
  TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCTS
  UNDERSIZED RETURN DUCTS
  UNSAFE DUCT OPENINGS
  VIBRATION DAMPENERS
  WATER & ICE IN DUCT WORK
  WET CORRODED DUCT WORK
  ZONE DAMPER CONTROLS

ENERGY SAVINGS in buildings

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS - INSPECT, TEST, REMEDY

FURNACES WARM AIR HEATING SYSTEMS

More Information

Photograph of  asbestos paper wrap on heating/cooling duct exteriorASBESTOS HVAC DUCTS - A Guide to Identification of Asbestos Materials On or In Heating and Cooling Duct Work
InspectAPedia®  -    

  • How to recognize asbestos on or in heating or cooling air ducts
  • A photo guide to recognizing asbestos on HVAC systems such as air ducts, vibration dampers, and heating system in-slab transite ducts or heating system transite chimneys
  • Transite or sonno duct asbestos recognition
  • Risks associated with asbestos in duct work
  • Warning about amateur asbestos removal on HVAC systems

This article shows how to recognize asbestos materials in heating and air conditioning ducts, vibration dampers, chimneys, and flues, and it identifies potential asbestos fiber release or carbon monoxide hazards in buildings where certain asbestos and cement-asbestos transite pipe materials are used for ducts or for heating appliance chimneys and vents.

InspectAPedia offers impartial, unbiased advice without conflicts of interest. We will block advertisements which we discover or readers inform us are associated with bad business practices, false-advertising, or junk science. Our contact info is at InspectAPedia.com/Contact.htm.

This is part of our article series that describes the inspection of residential air conditioning systems (A/C systems) to inform home buyers, owners, and home inspectors of common cooling system defects.

Asbestos in or on HVAC ducts (air ducts or heating and cooling ductwork) is a possible hazard for which we provide links to separate documents. Contact us to suggest text changes and additions and, if you wish, to receive online listing and credit for that contribution.

© Copyright 2012 InspectAPedia.com, All Rights Reserved. Information Accuracy & Bias Pledge is at below-left. Use page top links to major topics or use links at the left of each page to navigate within topics and documents at this website. Green links show where you are in a document series or at this website.

Readers should also see:

  • ASBESTOS HVAC DUCTS - Guide to Identification of Asbestos Materials On or In Heating and Cooling Duct Work: carbon monoxide hazards of transite chimneys and vents
  • ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS - INSPECT, TEST, REMEDY - Environmental Hazard Detection, Testing, Repair, Illness, Symptoms, & Prevention in buildings
  • IDENTIFICATION of ASBESTOS in buildings - Asbestos Identification in buildings: How to find & identify asbestos-containing materials
  • TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCTS - Hazards of Asbestos-containing Transite Pipe HVAC Ducts: duct collapse, mold, radon, asbstos fiber release
  • Transite Pipe Chimneys & Flues - Guide to Identifying Asbestos Transite Chimneys & Flues & their Hazards in buildings
  • Transite Pipe Water Supply Piping - Guide to Identifying Asbestos Cement Transite Water Pipes & their Hazards in buildings
  • VIBRATION DAMPENERS - asbestos gaskets and vibration dampers in duct work

Asbestos Materials on or in the Air Conditioning or Heating System Duct Work

Photograph of asbestos paper duct seal

 

This article describes the inspection of heating and air conditioning ducts for visual evidence of asbestos materials in or on HVAC ducts.

The photograph shows asbestos paper heating duct wrap. Asbestos in these locations is a possible hazard which may require special attention.

We also warn about signs of amateur asbestos removal which may merit additional testing and cleanup work.


Photograph of asbestos fabric on an air conditioning and heating blower vibration damper

Here is a photo of a coated (note the silver color) asbestos-fabric air handler vibration damper.

Also see VIBRATION DAMPENERS for more discussion of this possible asbestos source, and for visual recognition of a wide range of asbestos or asbestos-containing products in buildings, see Asbestos: visual identification of asbestos-suspect materials in buildings - a photo guide.

If readers return to the first chapter or view the A/C chapter index, the major components of an air conditioning system are described, sketches and photographs are provided, and common defects for each component are listed along with visual or other clues that may suggest a problem or probable failure of A/C components.

Asbestos - Ductwork Safety Recommendation

Photograph of asbestos paper duct seal

Another example of asbestos duct wrap is shown in this photograph. During an inspection of the heating or air conditioning duct system and air handler, look for what may be asbestos containing insulating material on the heating system.

  • Cement asbestos "millboard" used as a partial heat shield on wall/ceiling surfaces.

  • White corrugated insulating material on and hanging from pipes, white paste material surrounding certain plumbing joints.

  • White "paper" wrapped on outside of some heating ducts.

  • White woven material used as flexible joint between some heating ducts.

  • White woven material used as flexible joint in the vibration damper between air handler the duct work.

TRANSITE and SONNO-DUCT Air Conditioning or Heating Duct Material Warnings: asbestos fiber release and carbon monoxide hazards

Photograph of  asbestos paper wrap on heating/cooling duct exterior Photograph of  asbestos paper wrap on heating/cooling duct exterior

While the transite pipe shown here was in use as an exhaust flue (what is the fire rating and fire clearance required?), this material was also used in some buildings for in-slab duct work.

Caution: Down flow furnace in building with concrete slab and with perimeter duct work raises questions: what is the duct work made of ? Is asbestos material found right in the air pathway in a building? If so there are higher risks of airborne asbestos contamination in that building than otherwise.

Transite chimney Carbon Monoxide Hazards: where used for chimneys in buildings, transite pipe may form a very serious, potentially fatal carbon monoxide hazard due to chimney blockage. We explain how and why the carbon monoxide poisoning hazard develops in our article at Transite Pipes, Chimneys & Flues.

Transite Duct Asbestos Hazards: if used for air ducts transite pipe may be a an asbestos hazard, particularly where the ducts become softened by water exposure (such as air ducts located in floor slabs), potentially releasing asbestos fibers into the building air. see TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCTS for details.

Sonno Duct (spun composition material) may have absorbed water, collapsed, and be blocking the duct line and potentially inviting a termite infestation or a mold contamination problem in the building.

More identification photographs of transite pipe in buildings can be found at Asbestos Transite Chimneys & Flues and at TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCTS

ASBESTOS RISKS - on Heating and Cooling Ducts

Photograph of  asbestos paper wrap on heating/cooling duct exteriorWhile there may be no conclusive data nor studies which evaluate hazards regarding presence of this material in residential buildings, it is generally considered by the scientific community to be a potential health risk.

Asbestos heating system insulation is also a potential economic risk as future buyers may be concerned about this material. Disposal costs for this material are increasing.

Depending on condition and location of asbestos material, treatment ranges from doing nothing to complete removal. Removal could involve significant costs.

You should obtain proper technical information and health and safety guidelines before attempting to do anything with this material. It is the breathing of fibers when this material is disturbed, not it's mere presence, which is considered a health risk. When the material is not found in living areas in poor condition treatment is not usually an emergency and you have ample time to become informed, obtain estimates, and select a course of action.

[Offline text files of additional advice for insertion into home inspection reports where asbestos material is observed:
... HEAT.036 - Asbestos - Lab Test Requested (file of inspection report text recommendation)
... HEAT.031 - Asbestos - material unconfirmed; choice of treatment affects. costs
]

If the asbestos-suspect material seen in a building is confirmed as actual asbestos or an asbestos-containing product, depending on its condition and location, treatment ranges from doing nothing to complete removal.

Professional asbestos removal would involve significant costs and is the recommended course of action where asbestos materials are damaged, friable, in a location subject to damage, in an occupied space, and/or in an unoccupied location where asbestos debris is likely to be carried into occupied space by human traffic or by the operation of heating and cooling equipment.

A number of asbestos treatment options are available where asbestos material is found in a building. Choice of treatment can make a big difference in possible costs of handling the material. You should obtain proper technical information and health and safety guidelines before attempting to do anything with this material.

Asbestos Warning: incomplete removal, amateur workmanship on the Air Conditioning or Heating System

The following is an example of building or home inspection report language when the inspector detects evidence of improper, incomplete, or amateur "asbestos remediation" efforts in a building.

Amateur removal of asbestos from a building can create very serious health and cost concerns because of the possibility that the amateur cross-contaminated other building areas with asbestos debris and also because of the possibility that the asbestos products that were removed were disposed of improperly. we have on occasion found "removed" asbestos insulation simply disposed of by dumping it on the same property or stuffing it into a crawl space or attic.

Improper/Incomplete Asbestos Duct Insulation or Pipe Wrap Removal: Caution: When we observe that a considerable amount of this insulating material has been removed leaving scraps or remainders and without cleaning and sealing of the exposed ducts or piping, we issue the following warning:

Asbestos duct or piping insulation removal has not followed approved methods and procedures: we saw that HVAC duct work or piping has not been cleaned nor sealed, and that the suspect material has been left in some places - details not found when materials were removed by trained professionals.

Unprofessional removal of controversial materials in a building may raise health, legal, or marketing concerns for future property owners. You should attempt to obtain documentation regarding who did what to the property regarding this topic. Additional testing to assure that no hazards or legal issues remain, may involve significant expense. expense; possible, hazardous materials.

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Use links just below or at the left of each page to navigate this document or to view other topics at this website. Green links show where you are in our document or website.

AIR CONDITIONING & HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
AIR CONDITIONER COMPONENT PARTS
A/C - HEAT PUMP CONTROLS & SWITCHES
A/C - HEAT PUMP CRITICAL DEFECTS
A/C DIAGNOSTIC FAQs
A/C TYPES, ENERGY SOURCES
A/C REFRIGERANTS

AIR CONDITIONER BTU CHART
SEER RATINGS & OTHER DEFINITIONS
OPERATING COST
SYSTEM OPERATION
OPERATING TEMPERATURES
OPERATING DEFECTS
LOST COOLING CAPACITY
CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS
COMBUSTION GASES & PARTICLE HAZARDS
CONDENSATE HANDLING, A/C
CONDENSATION or SWEATING PIPES, TANKS
COMPRESSOR & CONDENSING COIL, A/C
AIR FILTERS for HVAC SYSTEMS

AIR HANDLER / BLOWER UNITS
ANIMAL ALLERGENS / PET DANDER
ANIMAL ENTRY POINTS in buildings
ANIMAL ODORS IN buildings
APPLIANCE EFFICIENCY RATINGS
ASBESTOS IDENTIFICATION IN buildings

BACKUP HEAT for HEAT PUMPS

BLOWER DOORS & AIR INFILTRATION
BLOWER FAN CONTINUOUS OPERATION
BLOWER FAN OPERATION & TESTING

BOOKSTORE - Air Conditioning "How To" Books

CAPACITORS for HARD STARTING MOTORS
CAPILLARY TUBES
CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS
CIRCUIT BREAKER SIZE for A/C or HEAT PUMP
CLEANING & Legionella BACTERIA
CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS
COMBUSTION GASES & PARTICLE HAZARDS

COMPRESSOR & CONDENSING COIL, A/C

CONDENSATE HANDLING, A/C
CONDENSATION or SWEATING PIPES, TANKS
CONDENSING COIL
COOL OFF HEAT Thermostat Switch
COOLING CAPACITY, RATED
COOLING COIL or EVAPORATOR COIL
COOLING LOAD REDUCTION by ROOF VENTS
DATA TAGS on AIR CONDITIONERS
COMBUSTION GASES & PARTICLE HAZARDS
CONDENSING BOILERS/FURNACES
CONDENSING BOILERS/FURNACES DAMAGE
COOLING COIL or EVAPORATOR COIL
COOLING LOAD REDUCTION by ROOF VENTS
CRITICAL DEFECTS on A/C SYSTEMS

DATA TAGS on AIR CONDITIONERS
DEFINITION of Heating & Cooling Terms

DEHUMIDIFICATION PROBLEMS
  CONDENSATION or SWEATING PIPES, TANKS

DEW POINT CALCULATION for WALLS
DEW POINT TABLE - CONDENSATION POINT GUIDE

DIAGNOSE & FIX AIR CONDITIONER / HEAT PUMP
DIAGNOSE & FIX HEATING PROBLEMS-BOILER
DIAGNOSE & FIX HEATING PROBLEMS-FURNACE
DUCT SYSTEM & DUCT DEFECTS
DUCTS - Asbestos
  AIR FILTERS for HVAC SYSTEMS
  ALLOY SYSTEMS FLEXDUCT
  ASBESTOS HVAC DUCTS
  DUCT & AIR HANDLER ODORS
  DUCT DAMAGE, MECHANICAL
  DUCT INSULATION - Asbestos Paper
  DUCT ROUTING & SUPPORT
  DUST CONTAMINATION FROM HVAC?
  BALANCING AIR DUCT FLOW
  FIBERGLASS DUCT, RIGID CONSTRUCTION
  FIBERGLASS HVAC DUCTS
  FIRE DAMPERS in DUCTWORK
  FLOOD DAMAGE in DUCT WORK
  GOODMAN GRAY FLEXDUCT
  INCREASING RETURN AIR
  LEAKY DUCT CONNECTIONS
  LOCATION OF REGISTERS & DUCTS
  MOLD in AIR HANDLERS & DUCT WORK
  NOISES in DUCT SYSTEM
  ODORS in AIR HANDLERS & DUCT WORK
  OWENS CORNING FLEXDUCT
  OWL FLEXDUCT
  RETURN AIR REGISTERS & DUCTS
  SOUNDPROOFING for DUCTWORK
  SUPPLY DUCTS & REGISTERS
  TRANSITE PIPE AIR DUCTS
  UNDERSIZED RETURN DUCTS
  UNSAFE DUCT OPENINGS
  VIBRATION DAMPENERS
  WATER & ICE IN DUCT WORK
  WET CORRODED DUCT WORK
  ZONE DAMPER CONTROLS

ENERGY SAVINGS in buildings
EVAPORATOR COIL or COOLING COIL
EVAPORATIVE COOLING SYSTEMS
EVAPORATOR COIL or COOLING COIL
EXPANSION VALVES, REFRIGERANT

FAN, AIR HANDLER BLOWER UNIT
FAN AUTO ON Thermostat Switch
A/C REFRIGERANTS
A/C - HEAT PUMP CRITICAL DEFECTS
A/C DIAGNOSTIC FAQs

FURNACES WARM AIR HEATING SYSTEMS

For more information about fiberglass as an indoor air quality concern see:

  • Fiberglass in Indoor Air, HVAC Ducts, and Building Insulation
  • Fiberglass Particle Identification in the Fiberglass Test Laboratory
  • Goodman Gray Flex Duct Deterioration and Failures
  • Mold in Fiberglass Insulation
  • AIR FILTERS, OPTIMUM INDOOR
  • Owens Corning Flex Duct Deterioration and Failures
  • World Trade Center Dust Particle Identification

For more information about asbestos as an indoor air quality concern with focus on easy ways to identify asbestos materials in buildings, see:

  • Asbestos Identification in buildings: How to find & identify asbestos-containing materials
  • Asbestos in Good Condition
  • Asbestos HVAC Ducts - Asbestos Materials On or In Heating and Cooling Duct Work
  • Asbestos paper duct wrap
  • Asbestos Transite Chimneys, Flues, & Pipes in buildings
  • Asbestos under the microscope
  • Asbestos Vibration Dampers & Asbestos in the Air Handler
  • Ceiling tiles: How to recognize ceiling tiles that may contain asbestos
  • Examples of unusual uses of asbestos in buildings
  • Asbestos: How to find and recognize asbestos in buildings - visual inspection methods, list of common asbestos-containing materials
  • Asbestos HVAC Ducts and Flues field identification photos and guide
  • Dust from the World Trade Center collapse following the 9/11/01 attack: the lower floors of this building contained spray-on fire-proofing asbestos materials.
  • Asbestos Information Links: Asbestos Detection, Testing, Recognition, Hazards, Field Photos, and Information Sources, including health-related links such as legal services and information about mesothelioma and other cancers
  • ...

Books & Articles on Building & Environmental Inspection, Testing, Diagnosis, & Repair

  • Our recommended books about building & mechanical systems design, inspection, problem diagnosis, and repair, and about indoor environment and IAQ testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the InspectAPedia Bookstore. Also see our Book Reviews - InspectAPedia.
  • Complete List of Air Conditioning & Heat Pump Design, Inspection, Repair Books at the InspectAPedia Bookstore.
  • Home Reference Book - Carson Dunlop The Home Reference Book - the Encyclopedia of Homes, Carson Dunlop & Associates, Toronto, Ontario, 2010, $69.00 U.S., is available from Carson Dunlop. The Home Reference Book is a bound volume of more than 450 illustrated pages that assist home inspectors and home owners in the inspection and detection of problems on buildings. The text is intended as a reference guide to help building owners operate and maintain their home effectively. InspectAPedia.com ® author/editor Daniel Friedman is a contributing author. Field inspection worksheets are included at the back of the volume.
  • Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, A. D. Althouse, C.H. Turnquist, A. Bracciano, Goodheart-Willcox Co., 1982
  • Principles of Refrigeration, R. Warren Marsh, C. Thomas Olivo, Delmar Publishers, 1979
  • "Air Conditioning & Refrigeration I & II", BOCES Education, Warren Hilliard (instructor), Poughkeepsie, New York, May - July 1982, [classroom notes from air conditioning and refrigeration maintenance and repair course attended by the website author]
  • Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technology, 5th Ed., William C. Whitman, William M. Johnson, John Tomczyk, Cengage Learning, 2005, ISBN 1401837654, 9781401837655 1324 pages
  • Carson Dunlop, Associates, Toronto, have provided us with (and we recommend) Carson Dunlop Weldon & Associates' Technical Reference Guide to manufacturer's model and serial number information for heating and cooling equipment ($69.00 U.S.).
  • Air Conditioning Inspection, Diagnosis, Repair, Efficiency all the basics for home owners, inspectors, new repairmen
  • NewAir Conditioning SEER - New DOE Air Conditioner and Heat Pump Efficiency Standard
  • Asbestos HVAC Ducts and Flues field identification photos and guide
  • Fiberglass: Indoor Air Quality Investigations: Fiberglass in Indoor Air, HVAC ducts, and Building Insulation
  • ...
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