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ANIMAL ODORS IN buildings
BACKDRAFTING HEATING EQUIPMENT
BIOGAS PRODUCTION & USE
BOAT & CAR SMELLS & ODORS

CARBON MONOXIDE - CO
CARPETS & PADDING ODORS IN buildings
CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS - INSPECT, TEST, REMEDY

GASES, EXPOSURE, TESTING
  Carbon Dioxide - CO2
  Carbon Monoxide - CO
  METHANE GAS SOURCES
GAS MEASUREMENT TOOLS
  Use of a Drager pump
  GAUGE, REFRIGERATION PRESSURE TEST
  How Colorimetric gas detection tubes work
  Using the TIF 8800 Gas Detector
  Using the TIF 5000 Gas Detector
  Warnings re instruments for detection of gases
  Warning: choose the right tube for gas detection

INDOOR AIR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT GUIDE

MOLD ODORS, Musty Smells in buildings
MVOCs & MOLDY MUSTY ODORS

ODORS & SMELLS DIAGNOSIS & CURE
ODOR DIAGNOSIS CHECKLIST
OUTHOUSES & LATRINES

PLUMBING SYSTEM INSPECT DIAGNOSE REPAIR

SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECT DIAGNOSE REPAIR

BACKUP PREVENTION, SEWER LINE
BIOLOGICAL POLLUTANTS

ODORS & SMELLS DIAGNOSIS & CURE
ODORS GASES SMELLS, DIAGNOSIS & CURE
ODORS IN WATER
ODORS, SEPTIC or SEWER
ODORS SEWER GAS in COLD WEATHER
ODORS, SULPHUR SMELL SOURCES
ODORS, URINE REMOVAL

OIL FIRED WATER HEATERS
OIL-FIRED BOILERS, HEATING
OIL FILTERS on HEATING EQUIPMENT
OIL FUEL TYPES & CHARACTERISTICS

OIL & GAS PIPING

OIL TANKS

OUTHOUSES & LATRINES

PLANTS & TREES OVER SEPTIC SYSTEMS

SEEPAGE PITS

SEPTIC BACKUP REPAIR

SEPTIC BIOMATS

SEPTIC CONSULTANTS
SEPTIC D-BOX INSPECTION
SEPTIC DRAINFIELD FAILURE DIAGNOSIS
SEPTIC DRAINFIELD INSPECTION & TEST
SEPTIC DRAINFIELD LIFE
SEPTIC DRAINFIELD LOCATION
SEPTIC DRAINFIELD RESTORERS?

SEPTIC DYE TEST PROCEDURE

SEPTIC FAILURE SIGNS
SEPTIC FIELD INSPECTION
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SEPTIC FLOOD RESPONSE

SEPTIC INSPECTION & TEST GUIDE
SEPTIC LIFE EXPECTANCY

SEPTIC METHANE GAS
SEPTIC ODORS
SEPTIC PUMPS
SEPTIC PUMPING REPAIR
SEPTIC REFERENCES
SEPTIC & CESSPOOL SAFETY
  TANK, & CESSPOOL WARNINGS
  SPECIAL WARNINGS FOR HOME OWNERS
  SEPTIC METHANE GAS

SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN ALTERNATIVES
SEPTIC SYSTEM DESIGN BASICS

SEPTIC SYSTEMS, HOME BUYERS GUIDE to
SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECTION & TEST GUIDE
SEPTIC SYSTEMS INSPECTION COURSE
SEPTIC INSPECTION TYPES & LEVELS
SEPTIC SYSTEM ODORS

SEPTIC SYSTEM SAFETY WARNINGS
SEPTIC SYSTEM TYPES, MASTER LIST
SEPTIC TANKS
SEPTIC TANK BAFFLES
SEPTIC TANK COVERS
SEPTIC TANK, HOW TO FIND
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SEPTIC TANK LEAKS
SEPTIC TANK PUMPING SCHEDULE
SEPTIC TANK PUMPING PROCEDURE
SEPTIC TANK SAFETY
SEPTIC TANK SIZE
SEPTIC TANK TEES
SEPTIC TESTS: DYE & LOADING TESTS
SEPTIC TREATMENTS & CHEMICALS
  SEPTIC PRODUCTS FOR SALE
  ARE ADDITIVES USEFUL?
  PUMPING PREVENTS FAILURES
  CANADA PROHIBITS ADDITIVES
  ONTARIO MINISTRY
  US EPA on ADDITIVES
  SEPTIC ADDITIVE TYPES
  SEPTIC DRAINFIELD RESTORERS?

SEWAGE BACKUP TEST & CLEANUP
SEWAGE & SEPTIC CONTAMINANTS
SEWAGE CONTAMINATION in buildings
SEWAGE CONTAMINANTS in FRUIT / VEGETABLES
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SEWAGE PUMPS
SEWER BACKUP PREVENTION
SEPTIC SYSTEM ODORS
SEWER BACKUP PREVENTION
SEWAGE BACKUP, WHAT TO DO
SEWAGE BACKUP TEST & CLEANUP
SEWAGE BACKUP PREVENTION
SEWAGE EJECTOR / GRINDER PUMPS
SEWER LINE REPLACEMENT

SEWER GAS ODORS
    Common Sources of Sewer Gas Odors
    How do You Track Down Sewer Smells?
    Seal Septic Gas Leak Through Electrical Conduit?
    Steps to Find Source & Cure of Sewer Odors
    Dangerous Sewer Gas Conditions
    Hydrogen Sulfide Gas H2S Exposure
    Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Danger
    Biogas Plants:Septic/Sewer Gas as Fuel
  BACKDRAFTING & SEWER/SEPTIC ODORS
  CURE SEPTIC SYSTEM ODORS SMELLS
  DRAIN PIPING & SEWER ODORS
  FIXTURE vs SYSTEM DRAIN BLOCKAGE
  HYDROGEN SULFIDE GAS
  OTHER ODORS BLAMED on SEPTIC/SEWER
  PLUMBING FIXTURE TRAPS
  PLUMBING VENT DEFINITIONS
  PLUMBING VENT DEFECTS & NOISES
  REMEDIES for SEWER ODORS
  SEPTIC / SEWER PIPE LEAKS
  SITE, WEATHER, NEIGHBORS SEWER ODORS
  TEST FOR INDOOR SEWER GAS
  TRACK SEPTIC ODOR TO SOURCE

SEWER GAS ODORS in COLD WEATHER
  Short Answer in Cold Weather
  Diagnosing Sewer Odors
  Cold Weather Plumbing Vent Blockage
  Trap Siphonage and Sewer Gases
  Building drain odor source
  Fixture versus system blockage
  Odors in Wet Weather
  Indoor Septic Odors Outdoor Causes
  Outdoor Odor Sources
  Sewer Odor Tracking
  Remedies for Sewer Odors
  Odors and Drain Lines
  Failed Drainfields and Odors
  TOXIC GAS TEST PROCEDURES
SMELL PATCH TEST to Track Down Odors
SULPHUR & SEWER GAS SMELL SOURCES
SINKHOLES, WARNING SIGNS
SOAKAWAY BED FAILURE DIAGNOSIS

TOILETS, INSPECT, INSTALL, REPAIR
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Toilet Types, Flush Methods
TOILETS, DON'T FLUSH LIST
TRAPS on PLUMBING FIXTURES
TOILET TISSUE CHOICES
TOILET TISSUE TEST
TOXIC GAS TEST PROCEDURES
VIDEO GUIDES: Septic Videos

WASHING MACHINES & SEPTIC SYSTEMS

WATER SOFTENERS & CONDITIONERS

WATER SOURCE ALTERNATIVES

WATER SUPPLY & DRAIN PIPING
WASTEWATER TREATMENT BASICS

WATER ODORS, CAUSE CURE
WATER TANK SAFETY
WATER TESTS, CONTAMINANTS, TREATMENT
WATER TEST CHOICES & WATER TEST FEES
WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT CHOICES
WATER, WELLS, WATER TANKS: TESTING GUIDE

WETLAND SEPTIC SYSTEMS
World Trade Center Collapse Dust Photos

More Information

Open sewer cleanout in basement (C) Daniel Friedman Diagnosing and Curing Sewer or Septic Odors Caused by Building Drains
InspectAPedia®  -    

  • How to diagnose septic or sewer odors coming from building drain piping
  • How to prevent or cure sewer gas odors from septic systems, building plumbing, & other causes
  • Sewer gas smell diagnosis - plumbing checklist
  • Septic gas smell diagnosis - septic system checklist
  • Questions & answers about diagnosing and curing septic or sewage odors at buiding drains

Sewer or septic gases and odors traced to building drain or vent piping defects: this article describes how to diagnose, find, and cure odors in buildings caused by leaks or other defects in the building drains or sewer line - leaks that make sewage smells or sewer gas smells or "gas odors" in buildings with a focus on homes with a private onsite septic tank but including tips for owners whose home is connected to a sewer system as well.

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Building Drain & Sewer Line Defects Can Release Sewer Gases & Odors Indoors

What makes the smell in sewer gas? Sewer gases are more than an obnoxious odor. They are also explosive and they may carry bacterial or pathogenic hazards too. Depending on the sewer gas source and other factors such as humidity and building and weather conditions, mold spores may also be present in sewer gases. We discuss plumbing vents as sources of sewer gas odors separately at Plumbing Vent Defects.

We discuss plumbing fixtures, such as loose toilets, as sources of sewer gas odors separately at PLUMBING FIXTURE TRAPS. Also see CLOGGED DRAIN DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR, Drain Noises (gurgling drains means bad vent piping or clogged drains).

Watch out: Because sewer gas contains methane gas (CH4) there is a risk of an explosion hazard or even fatal asphyxiation. Sewer gases also probably contain hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) In addition some writers opine that there are possible health hazards from sewer gas exposure, such as a bacterial infection of the sinuses (which can occur due to any sinus irritation).

Open sewer cleanout in basement (C) Daniel FriedmanSewer gas source: check for a cap left off of a sewer line cleanout:

Our client is pointing out an open sewer line in the basement of a home she was purchasing. The cap had been left off of a cleanout port where main waste line exited the building.

We suspected more trouble than just an open drain cleanout permitting sewer gases to leak into the basement.

Because this "work" appeared to have just been performed, right before our property inspection, we wondered if someone had been asked to attempt to clear a blocked connection between the building sewer line and the community sewer (or private septic system).


Photograph of sewer line leak in a basement/crawl area during drain clog diagnosisSewer Gas Source: inspect the building drains and gas lines for leaks:

Plumbing drains and traps may smell regardless, as they are usually a reservoir for organic debris.

Remember that a building drain can be leaking inside of a wall or ceiling cavity without showing up as a wet spot or mold.

But if you notice a sewer gas smell particularly at one or more plumbing drains, the fixture may not be properly vented.

If the plumbing fixture or drain "gurgles" or makes funny noises when it is draining, or if you hear gurgling noises at some fixtures, say a sink or tub when nearby fixtures are draining, we would certainly suspect that the fixture is not well vented or may not be vented at all.

If you suspect that odors are due to a problem with the building drains but you cannot find a drain line leak nor an open drain cleanout cover, take a look at CLOGGED DRAIN DIAGNOSIS & REPAIR.

The sewer gas odor may be coming not from a wet building drain (discussed just above) but from the dry or vent portion of a building's drain-waste-vent system. We discuss plumbing vents as sources of sewer gas odors separately at Plumbing Vent Defects.

Other Sources of Sulphur Odors & Sewer Gas Smells in buildings may Include Chinese Drywall

CHINESE DRYWALL HAZARDS discusses Chinese drywall odors, sulphur smells, and corrosive outgassing hazards in buildings. Major costs to remove this product, repair or replace electrical wiring, plumbing, and HVAC components may be involved, and there may be immediate safety hazards due to damaged smoke detectors or carbon monoxide detectors in buildings where Chinese drywall outgassing has caused damage.

Gas leaks at plumbing vent (C) Daniel FriedmanHidden plumbing vent pipe leaks septic gas into building: Plumbing vents are used to direct sewer or septic tank gases safely above the building.

But on occasion we trace a sewer or septic gas odor to a hidden leak in a drain or vent line passing through building walls or ceilings.

At left our photo illustrates how hidden vent piping leaks may be lurking in an old building, a new building, or in one that has been renovated.

When the installer needed to extend the plumbing vent and drain line to an upper floor of this 1920's home, s/he simply broke open a cast iron vent pipe that was in a lower floor bathroom. There the "plumber" jammed a plastic ABS drain line into the open cast iron waste or vent pipe.

Our pen points out that this connection was certainly not sealed, and that sewer gases or septic gases were readily passing up the vent and/or drain line, into the building walls, and into the occupied spaces.

See more plumbing vent problems detailed at PLUMBING VENT DEFECTS & NOISES and at SEWER GAS ODORS in COLD WEATHER

Questions & Answers regarding this article

Questions & answers about diagnosing and curing septic or sewage odors at buiding drains

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Technical Reviewers & References

  • InspectAPedia.com® - Daniel Friedman - Publisher & Editor.
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Use links just below or at the left of each page to navigate this document or to view other topics at this website. Green links show where you are in our document or website.

SEWER GAS ODORS
    Common Sources of Sewer Gas Odors
    How do You Track Down Sewer Smells?
    Seal Septic Gas Leak Through Electrical Conduit?
    Steps to Find Source & Cure of Sewer Odors
    Dangerous Sewer Gas Conditions
    Hydrogen Sulfide Gas H2S Exposure
    Hydrogen Sulfide Gas Danger
    Biogas Plants:Septic/Sewer Gas as Fuel
  BACKDRAFTING & SEWER/SEPTIC ODORS
  CURE SEPTIC SYSTEM ODORS SMELLS
  DRAIN PIPING & SEWER ODORS
  FIXTURE vs SYSTEM DRAIN BLOCKAGE
  HYDROGEN SULFIDE GAS
  OTHER ODORS BLAMED on SEPTIC/SEWER
  PLUMBING FIXTURE TRAPS
  PLUMBING VENT DEFINITIONS
  PLUMBING VENT DEFECTS & NOISES
  REMEDIES for SEWER ODORS
  SEPTIC / SEWER PIPE LEAKS
  SITE, WEATHER, NEIGHBORS SEWER ODORS
  TEST FOR INDOOR SEWER GAS
  TRACK SEPTIC ODOR TO SOURCE
SEWER GAS ODORS in COLD WEATHER
  Short Answer in Cold Weather
  Diagnosing Sewer Odors
  Cold Weather Plumbing Vent Blockage
  Trap Siphonage and Sewer Gases
  Building drain odor source
  Fixture versus system blockage
  Odors in Wet Weather
  Indoor Septic Odors Outdoor Causes
  Outdoor Odor Sources
  Sewer Odor Tracking
  Remedies for Sewer Odors
  Odors and Drain Lines
  Failed Drainfields and Odors
  TOXIC GAS TEST PROCEDURES
SMELL PATCH TEST to Track Down Odors
SULPHUR & SEWER GAS SMELL SOURCES
TOXIC GAS TEST PROCEDURES

  • Thanks to Slade Franklin for the reminder that a leaky wax ring at a toilet can lead to septic odors in bathrooms. 11/2007
  • Thanks to J.V. (privacy protected) for the reminder to make a detailed inspection of the plumbing vent system when sewer gas odors are present. 07/2008
  • Thanks to Roger Hankey & Cheryll Brown, www.hankeyandbrown.com, ASHI home inspectors in Minnesota, for the deteriorated transite pipe gas flue vent photograph and comments. Mr. Hankey is a past chairman of the ASHI Technical Committee, serves as co-chairman of ASHI legislative committee, and has served in other ASHI professional and leadership roles. 7/2007
  • Our recommended books about building & mechanical systems design, inspection, problem diagnosis, and repair, and about indoor environment and IAQ testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the InspectAPedia Bookstore. Also see our Book Reviews - InspectAPedia.
  • Cold Weather Septic Odors or Sewage Odor Diagnosis for additional odor tracing and cure advice focused on sewer gas odor tracking in cold or wet weather.
  • Drain Noises: may indicate defective or clogged plumbing: how to diagnose and cure drain sounds

  • The Septic System Information Website home page for this topic
  • Septic Systems Inspection, Testing, & Maintenance- online textbook. Detailed how to inspect, maintain, repair information
  • The Home Buyer's Guide to Septic Systems
  • Septic Tank Pumping Guide: When, Why, How to pump the septic tank
  • Home & Outdoor Living Water Requirements
  • Septic Tank Capacity vs Usage in Daily Gallons of Wastewater Flow, calculating required septic tank size, calculating septic tank volume from size measurements
  • How Big Should the Leach Field Be? - table of soil percolation rate vs. field size
  • Septic System Drainfield Absorption System Biomat Formation - what leads to drain field clogging and expensive drainfield repairs
  • Table of Required Septic & Well Clearances: Distances Between Septic System & Wells, Streams, Trees, etc.
  • What is a Septic System An Engineer's View - Types of treatment tanks, adsorption systems, pumps, and other special equipment are discussed in some further detail in this text
    Components of a Septic System- the Basic Parts of a Conventional Septic Tank and Leachfield, a chapter in the Home Buyers Guide to Septic Systems
    A Toxic Gas Testing Sampling Plan for Residential Indoor Air Investigations

  • Pennsylvania State Fact Sheets relating to domestic wastewater treatment systems include
  • Pennsylvania State Wastewater Treatment Fact Sheet SW-161, Septic System Failure: Diagnosis and Treatment
  • Pennsylvania State Wastewater Treatment Fact Sheet SW-162, The Soil Media and the Percolation Test
  • Pennsylvania State Wastewater Treatment Fact Sheet SW-l64, Mound Systems for Wastewater Treatment
  • Pennsylvania State Wastewater Treatment Fact Sheet SW-165, Septic Tank-Soil Absorption Systems
  • Document Sources used for this web page include but are not limited to: Agricultural Fact Sheet #SW-161 "Septic Tank Pumping," by Paul D. Robillard and Kelli S. Martin. Penn State College of Agriculture - Cooperative Extension, edited and annotated by Dan Friedman (Thanks: to Bob Mackey for proofreading the original source material.)
  • ...

Books & Articles on Building & Environmental Inspection, Testing, Diagnosis, & Repair

  • Our recommended books about building & mechanical systems design, inspection, problem diagnosis, and repair, and about indoor environment and IAQ testing, diagnosis, and cleanup are at the InspectAPedia Bookstore. Also see our Book Reviews - InspectAPedia.
  • Home Reference Book - Carson Dunlop The Home Reference Book - the Encyclopedia of Homes, Carson Dunlop & Associates, Toronto, Ontario, 2010, $69.00 U.S., is available from Carson Dunlop. The Home Reference Book is a bound volume of more than 450 illustrated pages that assist home inspectors and home owners in the inspection and detection of problems on buildings. The text is intended as a reference guide to help building owners operate and maintain their home effectively. InspectAPedia.com ® author/editor Daniel Friedman is a contributing author. Field inspection worksheets are included at the back of the volume.
  • Cheating on water tests: Testing Water for Real Estate Transactions - make sure your water test is valid
  • Don't Flush these things into a septic system
  • Drain Noises: may indicate defective or clogged plumbing: how to diagnose and cure drain sounds
  • Drinking Water Testing Advice for home buyers home owners home inspectors
  • Interpreting Drinking Water Test Results and Correcting Unsatisfactory Water
  • Drinking Water Contaminant Levels - Maximum Allowed
  • Lead Contamination in Drinking Water: Testing & Correction - Advice (This Article)
  • Lead Testing & Correcting Contamination from Lead Water Supply Lines/Entry Mains - Lead Pipe Problems/Advice
  • SEPTIC SYSTEM INSPECT DIAGNOSE REPAIR The Septic Systems Information Website
  • Sewage Odors in Wet or Cold Weather - Septic Odors or Sewage Odor Diagnosis & Repair Guide for diagnosing and eliminating cold weather sewer gas odors
  • Sewage Levels in Septic Tanks - what are normal and abnormal sewage levels in septic tanks and what do they mean about tank condition, leaks, etc.
  • Sewer Line Replacement diagnosing a clogged drain leads to drain line replacement - step by step photo-illustrated guide to drain replacement
  • Water testing for Pesticides: comprehensive and pesticides-example parameters
  • Water Testing: background comments on classes of water contaminants, & links to home buyer advice about water testing, drinking water, water supply
  • When and How to Shock or Chlorinate a Well - Procedure for Shocking a Well to (temporarily or maybe longer) "Correct" Bacterial Contamination
  • Water Requirements, Home & Outdoor Living
  • Typical Water Tests & Fees this water test fee schedule applies when testing is combined with other onsite building inspection services
  • Water pump and pressure tank repair diagnosis & cost an specific case offers an example of diagnosis of loss of water pressure, loss of water, and analyzes the actual repair cost
  • Water pressure tank failures & water pump short cycling diagnosis and repair
  • ...
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