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TSP Substitute (C) Daniel FriedmanCleaning & Prevention of Algae, Fungus, Lichens, Moss on Brick, Stone or Stucco
Tombstones, Graves, Walls, Sidewalks, TSP Substitutes

How to clean building stains & algae, fungus, lichens & moss from exterior surfaces:

This article describes cleaning, and preventing future algae, moss, lichens, or fungal growth that occurs on stone, brick, and other surfaces such as buildings, gravestones, sidewalks, stone walls, walks, roadways and in nature.

We discuss how to identify, remove, & prevent algae, lichens, or moss growth on graves, tombstones, stone walls, sidewalks. Photographs of Algae, lichens, moss, mold help identify these substances in nature and on buildings. Photos & text to distinguish among algae, lichens, moss and mold growths on any surface.

We include links to references & research useful in the identification & control of algae, moss, lichens, and mold.

InspectAPedia tolerates no conflicts of interest. We have no relationship with advertisers, products, or services discussed at this website.

Methods for Cleaning Algae, Fungus, Lichens, Moss from Stone, Brick, or Concrete Surfaces

Photos of Australian tombstone before and after cleaning

Especially if you are restoring artifacts, art works, tombstones, or graves, avoid any aggressive cleaning methods that might damage the roof surface.

Mechanical Cleaning of Brick, Stone or Concrete Surfaces

The gravestone that was shown at the top of this page and appears below in "before and after" photos was successfully cleaned using simply a soft bristle brush and plain water. Here is what Patrick Walsh said about the cleaning procedure:

I only used regular cold tap water, no soap, and a soft bristled dish-brush.

You should wet down and rub in water on the stone by hand (the growths were oily, and repelling water!).

Then brush in circular pattern to break down the lichens, moss, or algae, using plenty of water for lubrication. Hand wipe the gravestone down before it dries again.

Start cleaning the tombstone at the top and work down.

That way you won't have to re-scrub the run-off. This was a 7-foot high grave stone including the cross.

All told, (minus the cross) it took me about 45 minutes (I started on the back, so I would be inspired to do the rest and in case I found a problem.

Then I cleaned the gravestone's sides and top. The front surface was cleaned last.

Photos of Australian tombstone before and after cleaning

Whatever cleaning is done on a stone or masonry surface, make sure the process does not cause more harm than good to the artifact and to the environment around it.

Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Moss: Chemical Cleaning of Brick, Concrete, or Stone Surfaces

Watch out: don't try any cleaners or preservative treatments on a valuable cultural artifact or art work without first discussing options with a professional art conservator. If you are proceeding to use any cleaning procedure or chemical, try it first on a small, unobtrusive area of your artifact or surface.

A comprehensive survey prepared by Caltrans ( 2011) examined studies by various U.S. states concerned with the control of moss growth on pavement.

Those experts examined a wide range of methods used to remove moss growth as well as to control or prevent its recurrence, yielding advice on the effectiveness and costs as well as safety of various approaches from which we include excerpts here.

The Caltrans information is followed by advice from the USDA on controlling sooty molds appearing on exterior surfaces.

These moss cleaning & control methods studied for application on roadways in the U.S. may be applicable in whole or part to treatment & control of algae, lichens, moss and even fungi on exterior surfaces such as masonry or stone walls, walks, and monuments outdoors.

Treatment Options for Algae, Fungal, or Moss Growth on Stone & Masonry Surfaces

Moss Treatment Method Description Comments
Links
Synthetic moss growth control products

Wet & Forget.

This commercial product can be used in residential and commercial applications. Marketed as non caustic, non acidic and safe for all outdoor surfaces, the product’s active ingredient is alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride

Environmental concerns;

Glyphosate.

Two applications per year of this herbicide should be adequate to kill the moss. Glyphosate is the active ingredient in commercial herbicides such as Roundup®

May not be suitable for areas of animal or human occupancy or direct-contact; Environmental concerns;
Natural-based moss growth control products

Acids:

acetic acid, citric acid, pelargonic acid, cloveoil, corn glugen meal were cited by Caltrans as under study, generally less effective and more costly than the synthetic alternatives.

 

Baking soda, vinegar,

biodegradable fatty acids. Certain kinds of soap and borax are also recommended.

 

Electrolyzed water:

Identified as a cost - effective and environmentally friendly alternative that can be used as a contact fungicide on plant surfaces and for general sanitation in greenhouses.

A cell electrolyzes water, resulting in two types of water possessing different properties:

An electrolyzed basic solution 

that has strong reducing potential and can be used as a cleaning solution.

An electrolyzed acid solution 

with a strong oxidation potential that can be used as an alternative to chlorine - based compounds for killing bacteria.

Recent procedure, uses water and saturated salt (sodium chloride) to create an electrolyzed acid used as a contact fungicide on plant surfaces
Mechanical moss removal methods

High - pressure, low - volume power washer. 

A small - scale test of this mechanical method involves the use of a portable power washer to determine how much pressure is needed to remove moss when moving along at a reasonable rate of speed (that is, 10 mph).

Watch out: as we also cite

at STAINS on STONE, STUCCO DIAGNOSE & CURE,

Grimmer (1992), - Schierhorn ret. 2014) and other experts warn about using abrasives to clean stone exteriors of buildings or stone cultural artifacts. .

Brooming -

sweeping has been used on roadways.

Moss cutting machine.

This machine, used by an irrigation district in Oregon to remove moss from canals, applies similar technology

Light & Heat to kill, remove or prevent moss growth

Infrared heaters. 

An infrared heater is used to direct a propane flame at a ceramic or metal plate, which radiates heat onto the moss. Other applications use water and intense heat in an enclosed space

 
UV light: shielded high-intensity ultraviolet light has been used to treat moss growth on roadways.

Widely used in water treatment & in forensic investigation.

UV LIGHT BLACK LIGHT USES

Coatings to retard moss or algae growth on surfaces

Fog line paint:

Caltrans observed that the paint used to provide white fog lines along roadways appeared to be a moss growth retardant in areas where otherwise moss appeared along roadway sides and suggested the paint might be moss-retarding.

In our [DF] opinion an error in this consideration was the omission of the moisture-absorption effects of the fog line painted along roadways.

By coating the roadway surface the pavement will surely absorb less moisture and perhaps fewer spores as well, acting thus as a moss growth retardant in an effect beyond the biocidal effect of the paint itself.

This observation suggests that where other conditions permit, periodic coating of some stone surfaces with moisture repellents such as Thompson's water seal may retard moss, algae, lichens and even fungal growth on those areas.

However in our personal experience those silicone-based coatings are not durable and may need annual re-application, making them not cost-effective for some cases.

And on hard surfaces such as walkways there may be slip hazards as well.

Paints including fungicides may use elemental zinc or other metals or chemicals.

Not suited for artifacts, most building exteriors, most walkways, masonry stairs, etc

See

DISINFECTANTS, SANITIZERS, FUNGICIDAL-SEALANTS SOURCES

and
FUNGICIDAL SEALANT USE GUIDE

Laser Cleaning of Sandstone or Stone Surfaces

Building & stone artifact conservators have researched and used lasers as a method for cleaning some stone surfaces. See

  • Dajnowski, A. "Laser cleaning of the Nickerson Mansion: The first building in the US entirely cleaned using laser ablation."

  • In Lasers in the Conservation of Artworks: Proceedings of the International Conference Lacona VII, Madrid, Spain, 17-21 September 2007, vol. 3, p. 209. CRC Press, 2008.

See additional sandstone cleaning citations at

RE-CONSTITUTED SANDSTONE STAIN CAUSES, CURES

Notes to the table above

Adapted to include excerpts from

Not all roadway moss control measures in the original source are included in the table above. For example we exclude "Pavement mix selection" as a means of moss control as it pertains more narrowly to roadways not to other outdoor surfaces such as stone walls and brick structures.

Using UV light in a wide range of applications inculding the control of bacteria, mold, and algae or moss growth is also discussed at

UV LIGHT BLACK LIGHT USES

The USDA has published How to Recognize & Control Sooty Molds. That publication includes suggestions for removing sooty black molds (the author considers Cladosporium sp. and Aureobasidium sp. as sooty black molds though they may in fact be brown or black and may not easily wipe off as "sooty" molds). Excerpting & commenting on the USDA advice for controlling sooty molds on surfaces: :

Sooty molds can be indirectly controlled by reducing populations of sucking insects that excrete honeydew.

Outdoor furniture can be hosed down with water during periods of honeydew excretion, particularly during drought.

The growth of sooty mold fungi is inhibited by preservatives used in treated wood in rustic outdoor furniture. Here is the recipe for a good cleaning solution for removing sooty molds from plastic or painted surfaces:

USDA Stone Cleaning Agent Formula

Powdered household detergent 1/3 cup
Household liquid bleach 1 quart
Trisodium phosphate 2/3 cup [note: for environmental reasons TSP is no longer used, try a TSP substitute]
Water 3 quarts

Notes to the table above

Watch out: Be sure to wear rubber gloves when cleaning with this solution. [Note that trisodium phosphate is no longer used as a cleaning agent because it is an environmental contaminant.

However substitute products may be available. Be careful not to add a cleaning agent to bleach that can cause production of toxic chlorine gas.

Power Washing Brick, Stone, Concrete Surfaces to Remove Algae, Fungi, Lichens, Moss

Power washing, using plain water or perhaps a deck cleaner can be very effective for cleaning off stone, concrete, or masonry sidewalks and some building surfaces where valuable artifacts are not involved. First be sure that the surface to be cleaned is sound and secure - both to avoid causing serious damage and to avoid rocketing a piece of stone or brick into someone's eye during power-washing.

We have had some trouble with this method, however, when power-washing dry-laid brick and stone walks.

The power washer wanted to also remove sand between the bricks or even to lift them out of place. Work carefully, and at a high angle to the surface to be cleaned if you have this problem.

Watch out: don't power-wash antique brick without first testing your procedure. If you sand-blast or use high pressure washing on soft brick or other masonry surfaces you may cause irreparable damage.

In freezing climates, blasting the original glaze off of a brick surface means that it will absorb more water, grow more moss or lichens faster, and suffer more freeze damage than ever.

Also be careful when power-washing not to blast water into building wall or roof cavities where you risk cosmetic or even costly mold damage.

Do-it-yourself Cleanup for Algae or Fungal Stains on Stone, Brick, Concrete or Stucco Surfaces

TSP Substitute (C) Daniel Friedman1 teaspoon of trisodium phosphate equivalent + 8 tbsp bleach in 1-1/2 cups water. (Oxygen bleach is readily available [Sodium percarbonate], which can be mixed with about anything that is not reactive to oxygen and it is not toxic.)

In greater proportions, reader Norman reports using 1 cup of trisodium phosphate, one gallon bleach and 4 gallons water on his own roof and ... "it has worked just fine, spraying it on lightly, then rinsing thoroughly with water about 15 minutes later."

Don't use the original TSP (tri-sodium phosphate) cleaner - it is an environmental contaminant. TSP substitutes such as the product shown (at left) are available at building supply stores and hardware stores.

Some deck cleaning sprays such as Stainhandle® roof and deck cleaner are also sold for use as cleaning solutions for stained roofs and might work on other surfaces - check with the manufacturer.

We discuss removing stains from roofs separately

at BLACK STAIN REMOVAL & PREVENTION

Using TSP-Substitute Cleaners & Disposing of Stone or Masonry Cleanup Waste

Question: how do I dispose of TSP substitute waste & paint debris?

I have used TSP Substitute on a painted basement floor. We have a private septic system with a field drain.

What is the proper disposal technique for used TSP substitute with paint residue? - Anonymous by private email 2018/02/05

Reply:

Here is information for an example TSP substitute:

The company notes that their cleaner does not harm vegetation.

But the company does not address disposing of residue that contains paint. I don't know how to address that question either, as you'd probably need to know what sort of paint, contaminants, presence or absence of lead, and importantly the liquid or physical volume of the substance that is to be disposed-of.

This excerpted note might help:

In most states all waste from lead abatement jobs must be tested to see if it is hazardous waste. Hazardous waste is liquid or solid waste that could poison people if it is not disposed of correctly.

That typically means closing up your liquid waste in safe tight containers and delivering it to an approved receiving station near where you live

If you don't know what's in your cleaning and paint waste you should treat it as presumed to be toxic. Don't assume that no lead paint means no toxics. For example some acrylic paints contain toxic heavy metals.

Also in some cleanup jobs or paints toxic solvents or residues could be present such as methylene chloride.

It would be best not to dispose of any significant volume of liquid waste into a septic system if the waste contains

Earth911.com can give you "toxic waste" disposal rules in your area in response to your zip code presuming you're in the U.S.

The other place to check for disposal regulations for cleaning waste is with your local DEP/DEC or if you live where there is no department of environmental protection coverage check with your local building department or city, town, or county or province.

For example, if your paint contained lead you'd want to see this US EPA guidance

And this additional guidance

In the U.S. most states also offer specific guidance. For example here's a note for Wisconsin residents (we don't know where you are located)

So if your waste is not hazardous, though it's not precisely on point but you might want to also see this EPA note on disposing of other household waste

 

Guides for Removing Stains from Brick, Concrete, Limestone, Sandstone, Stone or Stucco

Widner building limestone exterior in 1989 - John Milner Assoc - cited & discussed at InspectApedia.comFigure 1 from Powers, cited below.

In 1989, just prior to the onset of the rehabilitation project, the Widener Building was showing the effects of 75 years of exposure to an urban environment. Note the lighter color of the left side of the building regularly washed by rain. Photo: John Milner Associates.

Preventing Algae, Lichens, Mold Growth on Gravestones & Other Stone, Stucco, Brick, or Concrete Surfaces

Mossy roof cleaned by copper runoff (C) Daniel Friedman

Trim back trees whose branches overshadow the stone surface if it is possible to do so without compromising the aesthetics of the site. Keep the flat or low-slope stone surfaces clean of organic debris like leaves or pine needles which may collect in valleys or at other roof locations.

Chemical sealants or treatments may be permitted for some stone surfaces outdoors, though where we have tried clear silicone water-resistant coatings outdoors they were not very long-lasting.

The New York Times reported that for the Angkor Wat historic Hindu temple, Dr. Warscheid devised a biocide "melange d'Angkor" that was to be used to whiten parts of the temple and to retard the blackening effect of the cyanobacteria or fungi causing the blackening of that stonework.

Watch out: Don't put slippery sealants or coatings on a walking surface.

OPINION-DF: for some artifacts it may be possible to reduce, prevent, and even "kill off" existing algae, fungal growth, or lichens on stone surfaces by installing a zinc or copper strip or cap in a position that sends dissolved copper salts down the surface in wet weather.

We have seen the success of this approach on building roofs where copper flashing was installed (photo of copper-flashed chimney on an otherwise mossy wood shingle roof at left), or where anti-fungal/moss/lichens metal strips were added.

Watch out: don't try any cleaners or preservative treatments on a valuable cultural artifact or art work without first discussing options with a professional art conservator.

Also, as the Times reported in 2008, there was no point in coating the entire Hindu Temple of Angkor Wat with biocide, since within a decade experts anticipated that the fungi or cyanobacteria present would simply adapt to the chemistry of the biocide treatment. Rather, routine cleaning and maintenance were called-for.

This article series tells readers how to identify, evaluate, remove or prevent stains on building surfaces.

Using UV Light to Prevent Moss & Algae or Mold Growth on Masonry Surfaces

Reader Question: How to control moss growth in a historic building tunnel

I hope you may be able to help me.... I've been speaking to a client who has a very old historic building and they lit the tunnels beneath the structure a few years ago (not by me).

They are experiencing growth on the stone walls (sample photo attached) which is causing them concern and we think is related to the lighting, which is LED.

It could be also down to the fact that there is now a lot of human traffic passing through the tunnels (thus creating moisture I guess). I'm not a plant expert (or anything even remotely like one!) but

I understand that while plant growth can be stimulated using a combination of far red and UV lighting - hence the High Pressure Sodium lighting used for the purpose, that UV can be utilised to kill algae (or prevent growth).

The chap on site says it's more like a moss than an algae but I think moss is different, so really I'm wondering if you know of any ways of preventing moss growth using artificial lighting.

It's a Listed Building so it can't be treated with chemicals, we just need to prevent any additional growth if possible and ideally, kill whatever is there.

Sorry, I realise this might take a combination of my knowledge of lighting and yours on horticulture but my Googling hasn't come up with any answers! Thanks very much in advance. Best regards - L.P., West Yorkshire, England 3/28/14

Reply:

At STAINS on STONE, STUCCO DIAGNOSE & CURE we discuss moss and algae on stone as well as other "stains" such as from fungi and in this article above STONE CLEANING METHODS we discuss methods that can be used to clean and remove such materials while respecting the surface or artifact being cleaned.

I don't agree that because a building is historic that no steps whatsoever can be taken to address moss growth on its surfaces; conservators have dealt with these problems for a very long time and have advice on least-invasive methods that still clean and protect the surface.

In this article I'm adding some helpful citations found by my research in an effort to answer your question, from which I excerpt the following:

Of several surface treatment methods used to control moss growth there are these that you might consider

1. Wet & Forget.

This commercial product can be used in residential and commercial applications. Marketed as noncaustic, non-acidic, and safe for all outdoor surfaces, the product'sactive ingredient is akyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride

2. Natural based products

including products that contain citric, acetic or pelargonic acid; clove oil; and corn gluten meal have been included in trials conducted by other agencies.

Results, where available, indicate that these products are generally less effective than synthetic alternatives and tend to be more costly to apply.

3. Electrolyzed water.

This relatively new process uses water and a saturated sodium chloride solution to create an electrolyzed acid solution that can be used as a contact fungicide on plant surfaces

Also listed but not something I'd try indoors or in a traffic area is Glyphosate. Two applications per year of this herbicide should be adequate to kill the moss. Glyphosate is the active ingredient in commercial herbicides such as Roundup

Two mechanical methods are listed for removing and controlling future moss growth on surfaces such as the stone tunnel that you describe, two of which might work in the case you mention:

1. Power washing

or use of a "moss cutting machine" (not useful for your case)

2. Shielded high - intensity ultraviolet light.

This light source might burn off moss or delay its growth by triggering a negative phototrophic response. This method is used to treat recirculating water in greenhouses to remove algae and fungi.

Heat is also listed as a moss control measure:

1. Infrared heater.

An infrared heater is used to direct a propane flame at a ceramic or metal plate, which radiates heat onto the moss. Other applications use water and intense heat in an enclosed space.

It seems to me that an initial effort to clean and treat the surfaces combined with UV light might be the approach of choice. 

If it were possible to add heat and reduce the moisture level in the tunnel I'm reasonably confident that the moss problem will be controlled.

If we are not able to make the tunnel more dry, that is if it stays cool and wet, I suspect that a combination of UV lighting and some environmentally-friendly topical treatment may be needed.

Some of the "environmentally-friendly" methods discussed by Caltrans were not economically feasible for highway roadside moss control is needed but might be economically acceptable in a smaller more controlled area such as the tunnel you describe.

Keep us posted, as what we learn will assist others. DF

How to Remove Paint From Stone Surfaces

Please see BRICK SURFACE PAINT REMOVAL as those methods pertain also to stone surfaces.

 




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Reader Comments, Questions & Answers About The Article Above

Below you will find questions and answers previously posted on this page at its page bottom reader comment box.

Reader Q&A - also see RECOMMENDED ARTICLES & FAQs

Question: how best to remove these extensive stains on stone & stucco

Stains on stone columns & fascias on Church (C) InspectApedia.com Steve Lawrence, Spring TX Pressure Washing Co.

I love your website. It has been my go-to to get the answers I needed. But I’ve run into a stone-like surface that I can’t seem to solve or find on your site. Please see attached photo.

This “stone” material is all over the church property. I have since cleaned what could be cleaned, but the black stains in the stone remain unchanged. I would love your expert assessment as to what this could be and how we could remove it.

Thank you in advance! I really appreciate you guys!

PS – Based on your reply… I’ll take some before & after photos for you in case you can use them.

PSS – Here’s a cleaning project for an AT&T building in Houston.

Extensive black stains on stucco, ATT Building, Houston TX  (C) InspectApedia.com Steve Lawrence, Spring TX Pressure Washing Co.

You can see what was dirty and what we’ve already cleaned so far. We did 46 of these! I have lots of photos like this for a multitude of buildings and structures. I would send any you want/need.

In return, I’d LOVE a link back to my website : ) - Private email, 2022/06/29, from Steve Lawrence Klein Pressure Washing Fully Insured & BBB-Accredited A+ Spring, TX 77379 USA, Tel: (281) 990-3043 Office (281) 770-4343 Cell Email: kleinpressurewashing.com

Moderator reply:

Often we can make a lucky or smarter guess at removing black stains from stone like in your attached photo (the one with the white arrows) by guessing at the stain constituents and cause.

I think that removing black algae can be more successful with an oxidizing cleanser while removing black soot or industrial smog deposits may require an acid cleaner.

What have you seen about the location and pattern of stains on the building that might tell us something: sun exposure, weather exposure, vs shade, vs more-dry, more-wet, vs what possible black particle sources might be nearby ( a tire burning plant or a factory are examples)?

What have you tried: just water pressure or with what cleaners?

A more-complete list of stone cleaning suggestions than I can make-up from memory is in our article above on this page.

If the stucco on the ATT building is ever to be painted, I'd consider adding an algecide/fungicide to the paint. If you do that, or if someone else does, take care to work with adequate PPE, as the mold or algae-resisting chemical additves are often toxic.

On the stone surfaces of the church, are you considering steam cleaning? In niether case would you use an abrasive media blasting.

Let us know what you use, how well it works, and show us new photos of the results - that will help other readers too.

- Daniel

Question: how to remove stains from a standstone or limestone fireplace hearth

Stains on sandstone or limestone fireplace hearth (C) InspectApedi.com Jeff

See photos of stained limestone/sandstone Hearth extension. How do I clean this? - Anonymous by private email 2020/12/05

[Click to enlarge any image]

Stains on sandstone or limestone fireplace hearth (C) InspectApedi.com Jeff

Moderator reply:

Anon: did you see our article on removing stains from stone surfaces [above on this page]?

Be sure to step through the GUIDES for REMOVAL of STAINS from STONE Materials

Reader follow-up:

Yes but the article did not address interior stains on fireplace hearth

Moderator reply:

Right, but stain removal from any surface needs to be informed by

The only significance of it being a fireplace are the chances of creosote or soot as the stain source.

While I don't absolutely rule out creosote or ash or fireplace soot (organic stains) on your fireplace hearth, the fact that we see many blotched dark stains on just the left stone in the photos and nothing on the right stone surface, both of which are in front of the fireplace opening, suggests that the stained stone is suffering from a different source than fireplace emissions.

It is possible that there is a fungus or other contaminant that came in already in or on the stone, perhaps becoming more visually apparent over time due to changes in the stone's environment: moisture, spills, temperature or something else.

Can you tell us

Armed with that information we can research and suggest further steps.

Watch out: while below I include some sources of detailed procedures for removing creosote and other stains from stone or concrete, I do not recommend that you leap to try these before we have a more-accurate guess at the type of stain on your fireplace hearth.

 

On 2020-06-07 by (mod)

Elaine

I definitely would not attempt to remove lichens from trees or other living plants but if you have a masonry or stone exterior with lichens on it some suggestions are in the article above

On 2020-06-06 by Elaine Bock

Wasn't sure what it was, but an article in Watertown Daily Times newspaper today showed a tree with the same substance and the writer wrote about lichen.

We live in a limestone house and there seems to be the same substance (blotches) on the outsidesills. What to do.

On 2020-05-22 by (mod)

Gloria you may need to use mechanical scrubbing, power washing, and even a masonry cleaner such as muriatic acid -

Watch out: working with any acid is dangerous to people, other animals, plants; follow the manufacturer's instructions for safe use.

On 2020-05-18 by Gloria

We have white lichen all over our granite cobblestone walk. Tried spray and forget. No luck. Any suggestions?

On 2019-06-18 by (mod) - solution sprayed on grave markers to prevent moss, algae, lichens

A short answer is I don't know of such a product but I will look further. A longer answer includes the thoughts that I'll post below.

If you look at the article titled algae and mold stains found in the more reading links above, you'll find a discussion of algaecides that retard or even prevent algae growth on roofs.

Typically these involve use of a metal strip or sprinkle powder or type of roof shingle that retards organic growth. Most likely none of those is going to be a good fit for a gravestone.

If you spray stone with a masonry waterproofing agent, typically those are silicone-based, it may do no harm and it would reduce the tendency to grow algae and lichens by improving the water resistance of the Stone.

(I use Thompson's Water Seal).

The downside of that approach is that in my experience you have to be spraying every gravestone every year as maintenance program.

I'm not sure that's a reasonable approach. A third direction of thought is to look at shade. Sometimes some judicious tree trimming can improve the level of sunlight without making a cemetery ugly by having had some fool run with a chainsaw cutting down everything in sight.

On 2019-06-17 by Tim

Is there a solution that can be sprayed on grave markers after cleaning to prevent the return of moss, algae, lichens etc. how applications mixed?


...

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Or see STONE SURFACE CLEANING METHOD FAQs - questions & answers posted originally at the end of this page.

Or see these

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Suggested citation for this web page

STONE, STUCCO & BRICK CLEANING METHODS at InspectApedia.com - online encyclopedia of building & environmental inspection, testing, diagnosis, repair, & problem prevention advice.


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